Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Varability in Sudden Cardiac Death: Comparison to Other Methods

Myers, G.A.; Martin, Gary J.; Magid, Norman M.; Barnett, Phillip S.; Schaad, John W.; Weiss, Jerry; Lesch, Michael; Singer, Donald H.

doi:10.1109/tbme.1986.325694

Cited by 307 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Mayers et al (1986) reported the relationship between arrhythmia and HR variability, indicating a transient increase in the L/H ratio before a spontaneous incident of atrial fibrillation. Several reports have related HR variability analyses to the study of TABP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Physiological Responses and Type A Behavior Pattern.

Oishi

Kamimura²,

Nigorikawa

et al. 1999

Appl Human Sci

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Abstract.The relationships between individual differences in psychophysiological responses and tendency of Type A behavior pattern (TABP) were investigated during mental arithmetic (MA) at a steady rhythm, challenging calculation (Uchida-Kraepelin serial addition test: UK test), music listening, and exposure to an 80 dB SPL of white noise. Each mental task was sustained for 5 minutes. Sixteen healthy Japanese adults, (10 males and 6 females) with an age from 18 to 36 years old volunteered for this study. The KG's Daily Life Questionnaire (KG Questionnaire) was used to investigate the tendency toward TABP, which included three sub-factors: aggression-hostility, hard-driving and time urgency, and speed-power items. Recorded physiological variables were respiratory rate (RR), skin resistance response (SRR), eyeblinks, and heart rate (HR) calculated using frequency analysis to render high frequency power (HF) and the ratio of low/high frequencies (L/H ratio). During the MA and UK tests, significant increases in HR, L/H ratio, RR occurred, while significant decreases in HF were observed. Eyeblinks significantly increased during the MA test and significantly decreased during the UK test. During music and white noise, no significant changes occurred except for SRR, which decreased significantly. The coefficient of variances in each response was over 20% for almost all variables, indicating that individual differences in the magnitude of each response were large, even if the direction (increase or decrease) of the change was the same in almost all subjects. The highest correlation coefficients (r) between the mean values of relative magnitude for each variable and TABP scores during the MA and UK tests were obtained for the L/H ratio (MA: r=0.591, UK test: r=0.577) and the RR (MA: r= 0.576, UK test: r= 0.511). These values were statistically significant (p<0.05). Similar results were obtained for TABP sub-factors. Though other investigations have reported relationships between HF and TABP, we found no significant relationship. It was suggested that sympathetic nerve activity became greater for TABP individuals than for Type B individuals under stress conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Physiological Responses and Type A Behavior Pattern.

Oishi

Kamimura²,

Nigorikawa

et al. 1999

Appl Human Sci

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“…In attempts to understand the neurohumoral mechanism that modulates HR, HRV spectral analysis has been used to define the frequency content of HR in animals ( 2 , 3 ), normal adults ( 4 , 5 , 12 ) and neonates ( 13 ) and in adults after resuscitation from myocardial infarction ( 14 ). Although HRV, defined by power spectral analysis, is widely used in cardiac and noncardiac diseases and clinical investigations, to the best of our knowledge, examining the effects of Kampo on the cardiac autonomic nervous activity using power spectral analysis of HRV in healthy subjects has not been previously described.…”

Section: Effect Of Kampo On Autonomic Nervous Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Combination of Ginseng, Oriental Bezoar and Glycyrrhiza on Autonomic Nervous Activity as Evaluated by Power Spectral Analysis of HRV and Cardiac Depolarization-Repolarization Process

Zheng

Moritani

2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Background: Ginseng, oriental bezoar and glycyrrhiza are the most widespread herbs often used in Kampo. These three herbs have been used for a Kampo for a thousand years and a number of pharmacological and clinical studies have reported about their effects. However, it has not been previously described how the combination of these most commonly used herbs affects the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Objective: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment to examine the acute effects of Kampo on autonomic nervous activity by using power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac depolarization-repolarization time intervals in humans. Design: Ten healthy men volunteered to participate in this study. The Kampo at a dose of two capsules contained the following ingredients: powdered ginseng 250 mg, powdered oriental bezoar 50 mg, and powdered glycyrrhiza 50 mg. The placebo capsules contained corn starch. A CM5 lead ECG was recorded before, and 30 min and 60 min after the oral administration of Kampo or a placebo on different days. Results: HF power (high frequency component in the HRV) was significantly increased and HR (heart rate) was significantly decreased after taking Kampo at 60 min ( p Ͻ 0.05) compared with the placebo. TP (total power) and LF power (low frequency component in the HRV) did not change significantly between the Kampo and placebo, and there were also no statistically significant differences in heart-rate-corrected ECG QT interval (QTc) or recovery time (RTc) between the Kampo and placebo. However, we observed that there was a tendency of decreased QTc interval and RTc after taking Kampo at 60 min compared with response of the placebo ( p Ͻ 0.1). Conclusions: These results indicated that the Kampo mainly potentiated parasympathetic nervous activity and may be useful for cardiovascular health.

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“…Subsequent studies, all relatively small, demonstrated that other measures of heart period variability such as HF power or SDNN index might predict sudden cardiac death better than SDNN. 22,23 Recently, Bigger et al,'0 using power spectrum analysis, reported that, after adjustment for other previously established risk predictors, a strong association was detectable between mortality and total, ULF, and VLF power, whereas LF and HF power were only moderately associated. These researchers pointed out that it will be interesting and important to determine the source of ULF and VLF power because these components of the heart period power spectrum are such powerful independent predictors of mortality and concluded that a better understanding of the origin of changes in these components could lead to hypotheses about interventions aimed at improving After captopril, SDNN, SDANN index, and SDNN index increased significantly and in agreement with the correlation existing between time-and frequency-domain measures of heart period variability.12 LF, ULF, VLF, and total power were higher after captopril.…”

Section: Measures Of Heart Period Variability As Risk Predictors Aftementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of converting enzyme inhibition on heart period variability in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

et al. 1994

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BACKGROUND Heart period variability provides useful prognostic information on autonomic cardiac control, and a strong association has been demonstrated after myocardial infarction (MI) between cardiac mortality, sudden death, and reduced total power, ultralow-frequency (ULF) power, and very-low-frequency (VLF) power. Converting enzyme inhibitors are widely used in MI patients, but their influence on heart period variability remains to be defined. METHODS AND RESULTS Time- and frequency-domain measures of heart period variability were calculated from 24-hour Holter monitoring in 40 patients with a first uncomplicated MI. After baseline examination between 48 and 72 hours after symptom onset, patients were randomly assigned to placebo or captopril administration, and on the third day, 24-hour Holter monitoring was repeated. No changes in time and frequency domain were detectable after placebo. After captopril, the SD of all normal RR (NN) intervals (SDNN) increased from 90 +/- 29 to 105 +/- 30 milliseconds (P < .01); the SD of the average NN intervals for all 5-minute segments (SDANN index) and the mean of the SDs of all NN intervals for all 5-minute segments (SDNN index) also increased from 74 +/- 24 to 90 +/- 26 milliseconds (P < .01) and from 45 +/- 17 to 49 +/- 15 milliseconds (P < .05), respectively. The root mean square successive difference (r-MSSD) and the percent of differences between adjacent NN intervals > 50 milliseconds (pNN50) remained unchanged. In regard to frequency-domain measures, after captopril, total power (ln unit) increased from 8.28 +/- 0.42 to 8.47 +/- 0.30 (P < .01); considering the frequency bands, a significant increase was observed in ULF (P < .01), VLF (P < .05), and low-frequency (LF) power (P < .05), whereas high-frequency (HF) power remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the hypothesis that the renin-angiotensin system modulates the amplitude of ULF and VLF power. Furthermore, it demonstrates that in MI patients, converting enzyme inhibition favorably modifies measures of heart period variability strongly associated with a poor prognosis.

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Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Varability in Sudden Cardiac Death: Comparison to Other Methods

Cited by 307 publications

References 18 publications

Individual Differences in Physiological Responses and Type A Behavior Pattern.

Individual Differences in Physiological Responses and Type A Behavior Pattern.

Effect of the Combination of Ginseng, Oriental Bezoar and Glycyrrhiza on Autonomic Nervous Activity as Evaluated by Power Spectral Analysis of HRV and Cardiac Depolarization-Repolarization Process

Effects of converting enzyme inhibition on heart period variability in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

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