Power system flexibility improvement with a focus on demand response and wind power variability

Abstract

Unpredictable system component contingencies have imposed vulnerability on power systems, which are under high renewables penetration nowadays. Intermittent nature of renewable energy sources has made this unpredictability even worse than before and calls for excellent adaptability. This study proposes a flexible security-constrained structure to meet the superior flexibility by coordination of generation and demand sides. In the suggested model, demand-side flexibility is enabled via an optimum real-time (RT) pricing program, while the commitment of conventional units through providing up and down operational reserves improves the flexibility of supply-side. The behaviour of two types of customers is characterised to define an accurate model of demand response and the effect of customers' preferences on the optimal operation of power networks. Conclusively, the proposed model optimises RT prices in the face of contingency events as well as wind power penetration. System operators together with customers could benefit from the proposed method to schedule generation and consumption units reliably.

Research on optimal scheduling decision of multi‐microgrids based on cloud energy storage

“…Thus, in the present study, the degree of battery life loss during use was evaluated based on the concept of effective throughput and the percentage of throughput of user charging and discharging behaviour. The battery depreciation cost is defined as the product of the degree of life loss and the cost of investment The battery loss model proposed in [23] and improved in [14], is presented below and is used in this paper to model the dependence of throughput and battery loss.…”

“…where q is the battery capacity loss in % and the pre-exponential and exponential factors B 1 and B 2 can be obtained from the fitting of experimental data. Thus, for a battery, the loss cost is calculated as [23]:…”

Flexibility Robust Optimal Operation Strategy for Cross-Regional Interconnected Power Under Load-Source Coordination

“…(10)-(11) correspond to h (X, Y, Z), while Eqs. (26)- (29) correspond to g (X, Y, Z). For other inequality constraints, which can be treated as boundary limits, we leverage the advantages of metaheuristic algorithms (IMFO, GA and DE are heuristic algorithms).…”

“…(2) Improvement of planning and operation on different time scales, such as prediction [25] , generation control [26] , economic dispatch [27] , ancillary services [28] , and others. (3) Reasonable price and transaction mechanisms designed to meet the flexibility requirements of power system planning and operation, such as demand response [29] , P2P trading [30] , retail power markets [31] , and others. Simultaneously, power system dynamic optimal dispatching is a common multi-objective optimization problem with multiple decision variables, nonlinearity and strong coupling.…”

A Two-Stage Cooperative Dispatch Model for Power Systems Considering Security and Source-Load Interaction

“…[15] builds a flexible resource optimization dispatch model, including DR, energy storage, and electric vehicles, as well as designing a flexible ramp market based on interaction and response activities. Similarly, a flexible security-constrained structure for the purposes of meeting the superior flexibility via the coordination of generation and demand sides is proposed in [16]. Ref.…”