Power System Level Impacts of PHEVs

Abstract

This paper presents investigations into various aspects of how plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) could impact the electric power system. The investigation is focused on impacts on the power system infrastructure and impacts on the primary fuel utilizations due to PHEV charging. The investigation is presented in terms of examples of typical systems. Methodologies are presented for computing loss of life of distribution transformers, which sets the basis for needed expansion or upgrades of systems with PHEV penetration. In addition, a methodology ispresented for evaluating the impact on primary fuel source utilization considering all the operating constraints of an electric power system. Examples of fuel utilization impact are presented for various levels of PHEV penetration. In general, PHEVs cause a shift of fuel utilization from petroleum to less expensive fuels utilized by electric power utilities.

The investigation of the major factors influencing plug-in electric vehicle driving patterns and charging behaviour

“…Other studies have focused on the impact of EV penetration on the high voltage transmission supply infrastructure [6,9,10]. The majority of studies, however, have concentrated on the impact that EV recharging is likely to have at the distribution network level.…”

“…Several studies have been undertaken to estimate EV penetration growth rate in different regions and their potential impacts on electricity loads [2][3][4][5][6]. A common finding of these studies was that unmanaged charging demand is likely to coincide with the overall peak load on the grid [7].…”

Framework for investigating the impact of PHEV charging on power distribution system and transportation network

“…Su et al [16][17] evaluated the impact of the integration of PHEVs/PEVs into power grids under a variety of charging scenarios. Roe et al [18] investigated various aspects of how PHEVs could impact the electric power system and focused on the power system infrastructure. Dyke et al [19] established a series of well-defined EV loads, which they subsequently used to analyze electrical energy usage and storage in the context of electrified road transportation.…”

Review of non-isolated bi-directional DC-DC converters for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charge station application at municipal parking decks

“…The associated energy security and green house gas emission problems are well known [1]. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV's) is one of the solutions to address these issues, because the fuel economy has been improved by optimizing internal combustion engine (ICE) efficiency, regenerating brake energy and shutting down ICE during the idle time.…”