Power System Support Functions Provided by Smart Inverters—A Review

Zhao, Xin; Chang, Liuchen; Shao, Renfan; Spence, Katelin

doi:10.24295/cpsstpea.2018.00003

Cited by 57 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Droop control may also be modified in order to allow output power flow regulation [126]. Harmonic attenuation functionalities are realized by damping the LCL-filter reactive behavior [127]- [130], by rejecting the grid-side harmonics [16], [111], [115], [117], [131]- [133], and by compensating the pollution possibly caused by local distorting loads [134].…”

Section: A Functionalities Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as abnormal conditions are concerned, perturbations like frequency variations [29], [115], voltage sags [135]- [138], and impedance variations [139]- [141] are commonly encountered, especially in weak grids. To minimize the impact of grid voltage sags on the power system, low-voltage ride through capabilities are often requested [137], [138].…”

Section: A Functionalities Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review and Comparison of Grid-Tied Inverter Controllers in Microgrids

Caldognetto¹

2020

Preprint

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<div><div><div><p>Grid-tied inverters are widely used for interfacing renewable energy sources or storage devices to low-voltage electrical power distribution systems. Lately, a number of different control techniques have been proposed to address the emerging requirements of the smart power system scenario, in terms of both functionalities and performance. This paper reviews the techniques proposed for the implementation of current-controlled or voltage-controlled inverters in microgrids. By referring to a voltage source inverter with LCL output filter, the different control architectures are classified as single-, double-, and triple- loop. Then, the functionalities that are needed or recommended in the grid-connected, islanded, and autonomous operating modes of the grid-tied inverter are identified and their implementation in the different control structures is discussed. To validate the analysis and to better illustrate the merits and limitations of the most effective solutions, six control strategies are finally implemented and experimentally compared on a single-phase, grid-connected inverter setup.</p></div></div></div>

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Section: A Functionalities Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Functionalities Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Comparison of Grid-Tied Inverter Controllers in Microgrids

Caldognetto¹

2020

Preprint

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“…The study in [9] proposed the voltage droop based autonomous reactive power control, it provides reactive power support to the grid based on change in grid voltage. X. Zhao et al reviewed the various functions used in the modern smart inverter unit and discussed the reactive power control strategies for the reliable operation of high DER penetrated power system [10]. Even though, various studies have been done regarding autonomous reactive power control in DER units, still several researches are required including: (i) response time for DER-reactive power support to the grid, since it is essential in practical applications in view of stability of the grid and protection devices employed in the system, (ii) maximizing the reactive power support to the grid considering safety voltage region of the distribution system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure High DER Penetration Power Distribution via Autonomously Coordinated Volt/VAR Control

Joseph

Smedley

Mehraeen

2020

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Traditionally voltage control in distribution power system (DPS) is performed through voltage regulating devices (VRDs) including on load tap changers (OLTCs), step voltage regulators (SVRs), and switched capacitor banks (SCBs). The recent IEEE 1547-2018 from March 2018 requires inverter fed distributed energy resources (DERs) to contribute reactive power to support the grid voltage. To accommodate VAR from DERs, well-organized control algorithm is required to use in this mode to avoid grid oscillations and unintended switching operations of VRDs. This paper presents two voltage control strategies (i) static voltage control considering voltage-reactive power mode (IEEE 1547-2018), (ii) dynamic and extensive voltage control with maximum utilization of DER capacity and system stability. Further, effective time-graded control is implemented between VRDs and DER units to reduce the simultaneous and negative operation. The proposed voltage control strategies are tested in a realistic 140-bus southern California distribution power system through extensive time-domain simulation studies. The results show that voltage quality in a distribution system is effectively achieved through the proposed voltage control strategies with a significantly reduction in the number of switching operations of VRDs. In addition, proposed voltage control strategies increase reliability and security of the DPS during unexpected failures. Index Terms-distribution system voltage control, voltage regulating devices, distributed energy resources, reactive power control.

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“…Hence, the primary responsibility of the distribution system operator (DSO) is to bring the bus voltages above 0.88 pu to avoid the RES to cease operation 1 . In order to mitigate the voltage fluctuation problem due to massive penetration of DER in the network, 2,3 new‐generation smart inverters (SI) are incorporated by DERs to fulfill the ancillary service requirement, at reduced cost without any additional resources 4‐6 . In recent years, it is also observed that demand response (DR) programs are not only acting as a tool to allow customers to participate in the electricity market to improve the economic efficiency and reliability of distribution network 7‐9 but also improve the network voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal coordination between PV smart inverters and different demand response programs for voltage regulation in distribution system

Gupta

Ghose

Chatterjee

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary With the increase in the number of renewable energy resources (RES) in the distribution network, the distribution system operators are facing several operational challenges to maintain network power quality and reliability. The stochastic nature of wind speed and solar irradiance may cause voltage sag and swell during high and light load conditions, respectively. Again, owing to low X/R ratio in the active distribution network, the voltage becomes more susceptible to change with the change in net real power injections in the bus, unlike high voltage networks. This article proposes an optimal framework for voltage regulation in active distribution system using the available flexibility of load reduction based on demand response programs, and reactive power injection capability of a smart inverter (SI) of the PV system, where the coordination between the two is considered. However, for adequate grid voltage support, the selection of buses for DR programs is based on voltage sensitivity analysis. This article proposes a simple and effective technique to determine the sensitivity of a DR bus on the voltage profile of the network. The decision for the optimal location for DR resource, DR magnitude, and SI reactive power is finalized using Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA‐II) in a bid to minimize the DR procurement cost, SI ageing cost and network loss. The work also incorporated DR modeling and probabilistic model for RES generation with the consideration of uncertainty involved in both the cases. The modified IEEE 33‐bus distribution system is chosen for authenticating the suggested technique.

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Power System Support Functions Provided by Smart Inverters—A Review

Cited by 57 publications

References 57 publications

Review and Comparison of Grid-Tied Inverter Controllers in Microgrids

Review and Comparison of Grid-Tied Inverter Controllers in Microgrids

Secure High DER Penetration Power Distribution via Autonomously Coordinated Volt/VAR Control

Optimal coordination between PV smart inverters and different demand response programs for voltage regulation in distribution system

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