Pozzolanic Reactions of Metakaolin with Calcium Hydroxide: Review on Hydrate Phase Formations and Effect of Alkali Hydroxides, Carbonates and Sulfates

Weise, Kira; Ukrainczyk, Neven; Koenders, Eduardus

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112062

Cited by 29 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…This is due to the property of 3ZT to exchange Ca 2+ and Na + with its surroundings. And a large number of broken chemical bonds on the surface of MK particles undergo geopolymerization reaction under an alkaline condition [47]. Compared to group Z0, the addition of 3ZT contributes to a reduction in the free Na + in the system [48].…”

Section: The Property Of Anti-efflorescence Of Geopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Efflorescence Resistance of Metakaolin Geopolymer Modified by 5A Zeolite

Lu,

Song,

et al. 2023

Materials

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In order to reduce the degree of efflorescence in alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymers, a modified 5A zeolite with cation-exchange properties was used to reduce the content of free alkali metal cations in the geopolymer. This work aims to investigate the effect of different dosages of modified 5A zeolite on the microstructure and properties of geopolymer by using compressive strength testing, pore structure analysis (BET), and SEM-EDS. The cation content in the leachate was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The efflorescence area of the geopolymer was calculated using Image Pro Plus (IPP) software to evaluate the effect of modified 5A zeolite on the degree of efflorescence of the geopolymer and to reveal the effect of modified 5A zeolite on the migration patterns of Na+ and Ca2+ in the geopolymer. The results showed that modified 5A zeolite with a 4 wt.% content could optimize the pore structure and enhance the mechanical properties of MK geopolymer through internal curing and micro-aggregate effects, which could also exchange cations with the pore solution to form (N, C)-A-S-H gels. The Na+ leaching was reduced by 19.4%, and the efflorescence area of the MK geopolymer was reduced by 57.3%.

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Section: The Property Of Anti-efflorescence Of Geopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Efflorescence Resistance of Metakaolin Geopolymer Modified by 5A Zeolite

Lu,

Song,

et al. 2023

Materials

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show abstract

“…The resulting Al and Si-containing amorphous phase can undergo a series of reactions with calcium hydroxide (from cement hydration) and other binder constituents, such as sulphates or carbonates, to form a variety of calcium silicate/aluminate hydrates (C-S(A)-H, hemi/mono-carboaluminates, monosulfoaluminates, ettringite, iron-silicon hydrogarnet, etc.). These hydrated compounds are responsible for the improved mechanical properties of cements containing SCMs [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%