PPAR Agonists Promote the Differentiation of Porcine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Adipogenic and Myogenic Lineages

Pérez-Serrano, Rosa M.; González-Dávalos, Laura; Lozano-Flores, Carlos; Shimada, Armando S.; Antaramián, Anaid; Varela‐Echavarría, Alfredo; Mora, Ofelia

doi:10.1159/000447628

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Myogenic regulatory factors orchestrate the differentiation of MSCs into muscles cells. MyoD and Myogenin are believed to be early differentiation markers of myogenic differentiation, and Myf5 and MRF4 are believed to regulate terminal differentiation and cell fusion (Perez-Serrano et al, 2017). Similar to muscle development, MyoD and Myogenin are main muscle-specific transcription factors that are expressed during myogenic differentiation of MSCs (Gang et al, 2004, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Broiler Chicken Compact Bones

et al. 2019

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Chicken mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as an avian culture model to better understand osteogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic pathways and to identify unique bioactive nutrients and molecules which can promote or inhibit these pathways. MSCs could also be used as a model to study various developmental, physiological, and therapeutic processes in avian and other species. MSCs are multipotent stem cells that are capable of differentiation into bone, muscle, fat, and closely related lineages and express unique and specific cell surface markers. MSCs have been isolated from numerous sources including human, mouse, rabbit, and chicken with potential clinical and agricultural applications. MSCs from chicken compact bones have not been isolated and characterized yet. In this study, MSCs were isolated from compact bones of the femur and tibia of day-old male broiler chicks to investigate the biological characteristics of the isolated cells. Isolated cells took 8–10 days to expand, demonstrated a monolayer growth pattern and were plastic adherent. Putative MSCs were spindle-shaped with elongated ends and showed rapid proliferation. MSCs demonstrated osteoblastic, adipocytic, and myogenic differentiation when induced with specific differentiation media. Cell surface markers for MSCs such as CD90, CD105, CD73, CD44 were detected positive and CD31, CD34, and CD45 cells were detected negative by PCR assay. The results suggest that MSCs isolated from broiler compact bones (cBMSCs) possess similar biological characteristics as MSCs isolated from other chicken tissue sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Broiler Chicken Compact Bones

et al. 2019

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“…Pérez‐Serrano et al (2017) observed that PBM‐MSCs from porcine neonate exhibited high proliferation and were positive for MSCs markers CD44, CD90, CD105 , and positive expression of stem cells genes ( OCT4, NANOG ). Subsequently, Nishimura et al (2019) reported that newborn PBM‐MSCs expressed positive MSCs markers CD29, CD44 , and CD90 and differentiated into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three 3.5 cm culture dishes (10 4 cells/dish, Corning Inc., Corning, NY, USA) were seeded with cells for each animal. Every 4 days, stationary subcultures were collected until the fourth passage, at which point adipogenic cultures were performed (Pérez‐Serrano et al, 2017). Daily observations of cells were made with an epifluorescence microscope (Olympus, Melville, New York, USA) equipped with a digital color camera and Motic Image Plus software 2.0 (Motic Asia, Hong Kong).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fructose promotes more than glucose the adipocytic differentiation of pig mesenchymal stem cells

Campos‐Maldonado

González-Dávalos

Piña

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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The goal of this study was to evaluate how glucose and fructose affected the adipose differentiation of pig newborn mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cells were grown with or without inosine in 7.5 mM glucose (substituted with 1.5 or 6 mM fructose). MSCs displayed adipose morphology after 70 days of differentiation. Fructose stimulated the highest levels of PPARγ and C/EBPβ. Fructose at 6 mM, but not glucose at 7.5 mM or fructose at 1.5 mM, promotes differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes and increases 11‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β‐HSD1) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) mRNA in the absence of hepatic effects (as simulated by the inosine). Fructose and glucose increased xanthine oxide‐reductase (XOR) catalytic activity almost 10‐fold and elevated their products: intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) pool, extracellular H2O2 pool by 4 orders of magnitude, and uric acid by a factor of 10. Therefore, in our experimental model, differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes occurs exclusively at the blood concentration of fructose detected after ingestion by people on a high fructose diet. Practical applications The results of this study provide new evidence for fructose's adipogenic potential in mesenchymal stem cells, a model in which its effects on XOR activity had not been studied. The increased expression of genes such as C/EBPβ, PPARγ, and NOX4, as well as the increased XOR activity and high production of ROS during the differentiation process in the presence of fructose, coincides in pointing to this hexose as an important factor in the development of adipogenesis in young animals, which could have a great impact on the development of future obesity.

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“…It was indeed demonstrated that overexpression of activated β-catenin in MSC stimulated myogenic differentiation of these cells, and suppressed their adipogenic differentiation via downregulating the expressions of PPARγ and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein C/EBPα [131]. More recently, it has also been demonstrated that PPAR agonists stimulate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to enter either the myogenic and adipogenic lineages [132]. Along the same line of experimentation, culture conditions have been established to obtain pure mesenchymal precursors from human embryonic stem cells, which can be differentiated into skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes, cartilage, and bone [133].…”

Section: Ppars In Muscle Wastingmentioning

confidence: 97%

PPARs and Microbiota in Skeletal Muscle Health and Wasting

Manickam

Duszka

Wahli

2020

IJMS

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Skeletal muscle is a major metabolic organ that uses mostly glucose and lipids for energy production and has the capacity to remodel itself in response to exercise and fasting. Skeletal muscle wasting occurs in many diseases and during aging. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation associated to inter- and intra-muscular fat deposition. During aging, muscle wasting is advanced due to increased movement disorders, as a result of restricted physical exercise, frailty, and the pain associated with arthritis. Muscle atrophy is characterized by increased protein degradation, where the ubiquitin-proteasomal and autophagy-lysosomal pathways, atrogenes, and growth factor signaling all play an important role. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, which are activated by fatty acids and their derivatives. PPARs regulate genes that are involved in development, metabolism, inflammation, and many cellular processes in different organs. PPARs are also expressed in muscle and exert pleiotropic specialized responses upon activation by their ligands. There are three PPAR isotypes, viz., PPARα, -β/δ, and -γ. The expression of PPARα is high in tissues with effective fatty acid catabolism, including skeletal muscle. PPARβ/δ is expressed more ubiquitously and is the predominant isotype in skeletal muscle. It is involved in energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fiber-type switching. The expression of PPARγ is high in adipocytes, but it is also implicated in lipid deposition in muscle and other organs. Collectively, all three PPAR isotypes have a major impact on muscle homeostasis either directly or indirectly. Furthermore, reciprocal interactions have been found between PPARs and the gut microbiota along the gut–muscle axis in both health and disease. Herein, we review functions of PPARs in skeletal muscle and their interaction with the gut microbiota in the context of muscle wasting.

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PPAR Agonists Promote the Differentiation of Porcine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Adipogenic and Myogenic Lineages

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Isolation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Broiler Chicken Compact Bones

Isolation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Broiler Chicken Compact Bones

Fructose promotes more than glucose the adipocytic differentiation of pig mesenchymal stem cells

PPARs and Microbiota in Skeletal Muscle Health and Wasting

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