Practical application of an impractical bovine genotype: creating bilateral twin pregnancies in Trio allele carriers

Madureira, Guiomar; Gomez-León, Victor E; Grillo, Gustavo Fernandes; Andrade, João Paulo N.; Lett, Beth M.; Moghbeli, Sadrollah Molaei; Wiltbank, Milo C.; Kirkpatrick, Brian

doi:10.1093/jas/skaa292

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Future studies may focus on reducing DOV through increasing circulating P4 during preovulatory follicle development using protocols such as Double-Ovsynch (Cunha et al, 2008;Wiltbank et al, 2012;Martins et al, 2018), genetic selection for reduced twinning or DOV (Lett and Kirkpatrick, 2018), aspiration of codominant follicles to increase likelihood of SOV (López-Gatius and Garcia-Ispierto, 2020), or use of embryo reduction (Hanrahan, 1983;Andreu-Vázquez et al, 2012b;. In regard to follicle aspiration, we have recently demonstrated that follicle aspiration can be used to reduce number of DF and ensure ovulation of a single DF in each ovary to increase bilateral twinning rates in beef cattle that are carriers for the high fecundity Trio allele (Madureira et al, 2020). Future hormonal methods, based on a thorough understanding of the endocrine basis for DOV, may be developed to practically optimize reproductive efficiency through manipulation of ovulation rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of elevating luteinizing hormone action using low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin on double ovulation, follicle dynamics, and circulating follicle-stimulating hormone in lactating dairy cows

Gomez-León

Beard

Ginther

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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Double ovulation and twin pregnancy are undesirable traits in dairy cattle. Based on previous physiological observations, we tested the hypothesis that increased LH action [low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)] before the expected time of diameter deviation would change circulating FSH concentrations, maximum size of the second largest (F2) and third largest (F3) follicles, and frequency of multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows with minimal progesterone (P4) concentrations. In replicate 1, multiparous, nonbred lactating Holstein dairy cows (n = 18) had ovulation synchronized. On d 5 after ovulation, all cows had their corpus luteum regressed and were submitted to follicle (≥3 mm) aspiration 24 h later to induce emergence of a new follicular wave. Cows were then randomized to NoP4 (untreated) and NoP4+hCG (100 IU of hCG every 24 h for 4 d after follicle aspiration). Ultrasound evaluations and blood sample collections were performed every 12 h for 7 d after follicle aspiration. All cows were then treated with 200 μg of GnRH to induce ovulation. In replicate 2, cows (n = 16) were resubmitted to similar procedures (i.e., corpus luteum regression, follicle aspiration, randomization, ultrasound evaluations every 12 h, GnRH 7 d after aspiration). However, cows in replicate 2 received an intravaginal P4 device that had been previously used (~18 d). Only cows with single (n = 15) and double (n = 16) ovulations were used in the analysis. No significant differences were detected for frequency of double ovulation, follicle sizes, and FSH concentrations across replicates (NoP4 vs. LowP4 and NoP4+hCG vs. LowP4+hCG), so data were combined. Double ovulation was 40% for control cows with no hCG (CONT) and 62.5% with hCG (hCG). Double ovulation increased as the maximum size of F2 increased: <9.5 mm and 9.5-11.5 mm (7.7%) and ≥11.5 mm (94.1%). The hCG group had more cows with F2 > 11.5 (69%) than with 9.5 ≥ F2 ≤ 11.5 (25%) and F2 < 9.5 (6%). In agreement, F2 and F3 maximum size were larger in the hCG group, but FSH concentrations were lower after F1 > 8.5 mm compared with CONT. In contrast, FSH concentrations were greater before deviation (F1 closest value to 8.5 mm) in cows with double ovulations than in those with single ovulations, regardless of hCG treatment. In addition, time from aspiration to deviation was shorter in cows with double rather than single ovulation and in cows treated with hCG as a result of faster F1, F2, and F3 growth rates before diameter deviation. In conclusion, greater FSH and follicle growth before deviation seems to be a primary driver of greater frequency of double ovulation in lactating cows with low circulating P4. Moreover, the increase in follicle growth before deviation and in the maximum size of F2 during hCG treatment suggests that increased LH may also have a role in stimulating double ovulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of elevating luteinizing hormone action using low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin on double ovulation, follicle dynamics, and circulating follicle-stimulating hormone in lactating dairy cows

Gomez-León

Beard

Ginther

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…A total of eight twin sets (16 cattle) were used in this study, and all were of Angus‐crossbred type. Twin sets 1–4 (calf ID numbers G001–G008) were produced by a project studying the creation of bilateral twin pregnancies in females with a high ovulation rate genotype (Madureira et al, 2020). Twin sets 5–8 (calf ID numbers G013, G014, G020, G021, G070, G071, G080 and G081) occurred naturally in the Lancaster herd.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Degree of leukochimerism with calf age in Angus‐crossbred twin sets

Hunt

Kirkpatrick

2023

Animal Genetics

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Twinning in cattle is infrequent and usually undesired. It can result in an increased occurrence of abortion and dystocia, reduced calf survival and a high likelihood of freemartinism in mixed‐sex twins. Twin gestations are also commonly associated with the formation of placental vascular anastomoses (PVA) between twins. Through PVA they share blood, hormones (leading to freemartinism in mixed sex twins) and hematopoietic stem cells, which are the progenitors of white blood cells. The sharing of stem cells between twins can result in leukochimeric twin sets. These are twins that have white blood cells derived from both self and the co‐twin owing to the fetal migration of hematopoietic stem cells from the extraembryonic mesoderm of the yolk sac to final sites like bone marrow and thymus. This study examined the degree to which this leukochimerism changes with age. DNA was extracted from hair bulbs containing mesenchymal dermal papilla to determine the individual's true genotype and blood samples were obtained at six time points from 1 week to 8 months of age to assess leukochimerism. Samples were genotyped using a medium density SNP chip, and quantitative estimates of allele frequency were determined using SNPs for which members of a twin set had alternative homozygous genotypes. The results indicate statistically significant changes in the proportion of self and co‐twin with age and suggest that by 2–4 months of age the genotypic mix in white blood cells represents the hematopoetic stem cell population resident in the individual (i.e. permanently found in thymus and bone marrow).

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Practical application of an impractical bovine genotype: creating bilateral twin pregnancies in Trio allele carriers

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of elevating luteinizing hormone action using low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin on double ovulation, follicle dynamics, and circulating follicle-stimulating hormone in lactating dairy cows

Effect of elevating luteinizing hormone action using low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin on double ovulation, follicle dynamics, and circulating follicle-stimulating hormone in lactating dairy cows

Degree of leukochimerism with calf age in Angus‐crossbred twin sets

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