Practical application of daughter yield deviations in dairy cattle breeding

Szyda, Joanna; Ptak, E.; Komisarek, Jolanta; Zarnecki, A.

doi:10.1007/bf03195611

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, this seems inadequate when sire effects have to be predicted both on intercept and slope, where there is extra information from the performance of daughters across the range of the environmental descriptor. Szyda et al (2008) found that reliability of DYD in a random regression test-day model was dependent on the number of test-days per daughter as well as the number of daughters per son. The average number of test-days per daughter in our study was 6.19, whereas Szyda et al (2008) found that a minimum of 6 was needed to get reliable DYD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gene by environment interactions for production traits in Australian dairy cattle

Lillehammer

Hayes²,

Meuwissen

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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Dairy farming is carried out under a wide range of production environments, including large variations in the level of feeding. Although reranking of dairy sires based on the level of feeding of their daughters has been reported, detecting the genetic mutations that cause this genotype by environment interaction has not been previously attempted. In our experiment to find genetic markers for such mutations, we selected 388 Holstein bulls from the Australian dairy bull population and genotyped them for 9,919 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Production data, consisting of first-lactation test-day records for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, protein percentage, and fat percentage, from the daughters of the genotyped bulls were used to estimate the effect of each SNP, which was modeled as a regression on herd mean test-day yield, where herd mean test-day yield is a descriptor of the environment. Data were analyzed with 4 models; in 2 models, daughter records were analyzed directly, with and without taking sire relationships into account. With the other 2 models, sire reaction norms for each trait were calculated and marker effects on the sire reaction norms were estimated with and without taking sire relationships into account. The results showed that using daughter records directly and accounting for sire relationships was necessary to obtain high power and to limit the number of false positives. With this approach, SNP with significant effects were found for all traits. Log transformation of the data did not affect the power of gene detection. The significant markers were categorized according to their joint effects on production and environmental sensitivity. Potential gene candidates and application of the markers is discussed. About one-third of the significant markers affect intercept and slope in opposite directions, and some of these facilitate marker-assisted selection for robustness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gene by environment interactions for production traits in Australian dairy cattle

Lillehammer

Hayes²,

Meuwissen

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The effect of the studied locus depends on the genetic background of the animal and could differ between populations 43, 65. The BLUP, REML and Bayesian analysis methods incorporate common fixed effects for particular loci and ‘residual’ random effects of remaining polygenes to provide more exact results 7, 43, 45. Another approach for obtaining more exact results is also to use particular loci as random effects with IBD to account for their variability 8, 55…”

Section: Methods For Evaluating Genetic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total additive genetic variability is the sum of the known loci according to Eqn (5), adjusted for mutual linkages (7) and ‘residual’ additive genetic variability caused by the remaining polygene σ 2 Apol : Hence both single‐locus effects and the remaining polygenic effects of the ‘genetic background’ should be considered simultaneously 7, 42–45…”

Section: Genetically Conditioned Variability Of Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Excited State Properties and Energy Transfer within Dipyrrin‐Based Binuclear Iridium/Platinum Dyads: The Effect of ortho‐Methylation on the Spacer

Bronner

Veiga

Guenet

et al. 2012

Chemistry A European J

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Luminescent cyclometalated iridium complexes based on pyridyl appended dipyrrin ligands were prepared and characterized both in the solid state and in solution. The functionalization of the peripheral pyridyl moiety causes dramatic changes on the emission properties of both mono- and hetero- binuclear complexes. A detailed photophysical investigation of the two mononuclear derivatives of the [(Ppy)(2)Ir(dpm-py)] family (Ppy=2-phenylpyridine, dpm-py=5-(4-pyridyl)dipyrrin) was carried out. Introduction of methyl groups at the 3 and 5 positions on the pyridyl unit diminishes the non-radiative rate constant by locking the peripheral pyridyl group orthogonally to the dipyrrinato plane. Thus, they limit the rotational degree of freedom, as well as the charge-transfer character of the excited state. The coordination of these two complexes to a cyclometalated [(dppy)Pt] fragment (dppy=2,6-diphenylpyridine) led to the formation of binuclear species in which the iridium and platinum complexes behave as acceptors and donors, respectively. In these heterobinuclear compounds, the methyl groups do not influence the energy transfer efficiency, which is estimated to be above 90 %. However, they do limit the charge-transfer character of the acceptor's excited state, as well as its rotational degree of freedom, thus avoiding the detrimental effect upon the photophysical performance.

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“…However, progeny performances are often used as quasi-phenotype in reality as well. For example, in cattle breeding schemes, DYD are commonly employed, especially in the international genetic evaluation of bulls (Liu, Reinhardt, B€ unger, & Reents, 2004;Mrode & Swanson, 2004;Szyda, Ptak, Komisarek, & _ Zarnecki, 2008), where DYD is defined as the weighted average of a bull's daughter yields corrected for all fixed effects. Thus, we estimated prediction accuracy of GBV with Acc_N using DYD as phenotypic data in one of the simulated scenarios (cattle_2_Sel_VAL) to test the variety of weighting factors.…”

Section: Novel Approach Acc_n and Weighting Factor Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of genomic breeding values revisited: Assessment of two established approaches and a novel one to determine the accuracy in two‐step genomic prediction

Kipp²,

Simianer

et al. 2017

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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SummarySelection decisions in genomic selection schemes are made based on genomic breeding values (GBV) of candidates. Thus, the accuracy of GBV is a relevant parameter, as it reflects the stability of prediction and the possibility that the GBV might change when more information becomes available. Accuracy of genomic prediction defined as the correlation between GBV and true breeding values (TBV), however, is difficult to assess, considering TBV of the candidates are not available in reality. In previous studies, several methods were proposed to assess the accuracy of GBV including methods using population parameters or parameters inferred from mixed-model equations. In practice, most approaches tended to overestimate the accuracy of genomic prediction. We thus tested approaches used in previous studies in order to assess the magnitude of bias. Analyses were performed based on simulated data under a variety of scenarios mimicking different livestock breeding programmes. Furthermore, we proposed a novel method and tested it both with simulated data and in a real Holstein data set. The new method provided a better prediction for the accuracy of GBV in the simulated scenarios.

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Practical application of daughter yield deviations in dairy cattle breeding

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Gene by environment interactions for production traits in Australian dairy cattle

Gene by environment interactions for production traits in Australian dairy cattle

Excited State Properties and Energy Transfer within Dipyrrin‐Based Binuclear Iridium/Platinum Dyads: The Effect of ortho‐Methylation on the Spacer

Accuracy of genomic breeding values revisited: Assessment of two established approaches and a novel one to determine the accuracy in two‐step genomic prediction

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