Practical Approach for the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management of Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children: Report from an Expert Closed-group Discussion

Nagaraju, Kuravi; Shah, Raju; Ganapathy, Sridhar; Roy, Sitesh R.; Bhatia, Rakesh; Kumar, Paramjeet S; Kanaujia, Sanjiv; Karadkhele, Archana; Muchhala, Snehal; Rathod, Rahul; Suvarna, Viraj

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1321

Cited by 6 publications

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References 27 publications

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“…ISSN: 2706-8757 Український журнал Перинатологія і Педіатрія 4(96) 2023 82 Вступ Р екурентні респіраторні інфекції (РРІ) дотепер продовжують залишатися вельми поширеною у всьому світі й надзвичайно актуальною клінічною проблемою насамперед для педіатрів та інших лікарів первинної ланки системи охорони здоров'я в їхній повсякденній лікувально-профілактичній роботі [4,21]. Ці захворювання є також серйозним соціально-економічним тягарем для всього суспільства [6,7,10,15]. Навіть у таких економічно розвинутих країнах, як Швейцарія та Італія, приблизно 50% усіх педіатричних консультацій зумовлені РРІ, а в Сполучених Штатах Америки вони є основною причиною госпіталізації дітей [18].…”

Section: оригінальні дослідженняunclassified

“…Групою дослідників відзначено, що від 30% до 50% усіх випадків гострих респіраторних інфекцій (ГРІ) припадає на групу дітей, які часто хворіють [15]. За іншими даними, близько 25% дітей першого року життя і близько 6% дітей протягом перших 6 років життя страждають на РРІ та їхні ускладнення [6].…”

Section: оригінальні дослідженняunclassified

“…При цьому кількість епізодів, що враховуються для встановлення рекурентності ГРІ, часто варіює залежно від рівня ураження респіраторної системи інфекційним процесом і тяжкості його клінічних проявів. Існують також національні особливості щодо дефініцій РРІ в дітей [15]. Незважаючи на це, наявність вельми актуальної проблеми РРІ в педіатричній практиці визнається в усьому світі.…”

Section: оригінальні дослідженняunclassified

“…Існує також певна ймовірність суб'єктивності інформації щодо наявності або відсутності факторів ризику РРІ в дітей у разі її отримання шляхом опитування їхніх батьків. І нарешті, останнім часом актуалізоване питання щодо необхідності застосування регіональних стандартів у визначенні критеріїв захворюваності дітей на РРІ [15]. З урахуванням наведених аргументів порівняльна оцінка отриманих у цьому дослідженні результатів із тими, що раніше опубліковані іншими дослідниками, не має належного обґрунтування.…”

Section: фактор ризикуunclassified

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A comprehensive assessment of postnatal risk factors associated with recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children

Voloshin

2023

UJPP

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Purpose - to determine the influence degree of particular postnatal risk factors to the likelihood of the recurrent course of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in preschool children. Materials and methods. Three hundred and fourteen children (176 boys and 138 girls) aged 1 to 6 years old, undergoing inpatient treatment on ARI, were involved in the clinical study. The number of ARI episodes during their previous year of life, as well as the presence or absence of 19 potential postnatal risk factors associated with recurrent respiratory infections (RRI), were taken into account for the examined children. Additionally, two integral indices of ARI recurrence, namely the infection index (InI) and resistance index (InR), were calculated. The statistical processing of the primary digital data obtained was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics 28 licensed program. A сross-tabulation method was applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. The difference between the age subgroups of the examined preschool children in the ARI episodes number during their previous year of life was demonstrated (H=11.243; p=0.047). First of all, the higher incidence of ARI was detected among the patients aged 36 to 71 months compared with those aged 12 to 35 months. Besides, the weak but significant correlation was revealed between six stratified age subgroups of children and their clinical diagnoses (φc=0.183; p=0.006). The studied integral indicators of the recurrent course of ARI (InI and InR) are inversely correlated with the majority of the postnatal risk factors considered, with the degree of the relationship strength being higher for InR than for InI. Conclusions. The majority of the potential RRI risk factors registered, namely 10 out of 19, separately increase the probability of children belonging to the group with more frequent ARI episodes. The most significant risk factors of RRI were as follows: 1) breastfeeding for 0-4 months after birth (OR=2.868; p<0.001; 95% CI: 1.681-4.895), 2) an older child in a family attending an organized childhood group (OR=2.814; p<0.001; 95% CI: 1.662-4.763); 3) second-hand smoke exposure (OR=2.537; p<0.001; 95% CI: 1.509-4.267). The prevalence of the studied RRI risk factors among the preschool children does not correlate with their significance in contributing to more frequent ARI episodes. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.

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Section: оригінальні дослідженняunclassified

Section: фактор ризикуunclassified

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A comprehensive assessment of postnatal risk factors associated with recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children

Voloshin

2023

UJPP

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“…Останнім часом науковці й практикуючі лікарі, які спеціалізуються на дослідженні численних аспектів проблеми рекурентного перебігу гострих респіраторних інфекцій (ГРІ), у своїх публікаціях все більшої уваги приділяють детекції найбільш значущих факторів ризику такого перебігу, насамперед у дітей дошкільного віку. Зазначені фактори, залежно від термінів та специфіки спрямованості їхнього впливу, класифікуються як перинатальні, сімейні, індивідуальні, соціально-економіч-ні, екологічні тощо [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Зокрема, до них належать суттєві відхилення показників фізичного розвитку дітей від стандартних значень.…”

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Basic Indicators of Physical Development in Children Aged 5-6 Years With Recurrent Respiratory Infections

Voloshin,

Marushko,

Savchenko

2024

Med. Sci. of Ukr.

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Background. Recently, scientific publications on various aspects of the problem of recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children have paid increasing attention to identifying influential factors contributing to frequent episodes of acute respiratory infections (ARI). In particular, these factors include significant deviations in children's physical development from standard values. Aim: to find out the relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes in children aged 60-83 months and their basic anthropometric indicators. Materials and methods. A total of 71 children (44 boys and 27 girls) aged 60-83 months, undergoing inpatient treatment on ARI, were involved in the clinical study. The number of ARI episodes during the previous year of their life was taken into account. Additionally, two integral indices of ARI recurrence, specifically the infection index (InI) and resistance index (RI), were calculated. The basic indicators of physical development were assessed in the children, including: 1) body weight; 2) body length; 3) body surface area; 4) body mass index; 5) chest circumference (CC); 6) integral index of dolichostenomelia. For the comparative analysis of the results obtained, the current standards of physical development indicators for children from the World Health Organization were used. The statistical processing of the digital data was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 28 licensed software. Results. Rank correlation analysis and cross-tabulation did not demonstrate any interdependence between InI and RI, on the one hand, and the anthropometric indicators considered, on the other hand. Meanwhile, there was a very strong direct correlation between InI and RI (ρ=0.983; p<0.001; 95% CI: 0.972-0.989) in the examined children. Linear regression analysis revealed the dependence of InI and RI on CC size (p<0.001). At that, the degree of the impact of CC size on these clinical indices was almost the same, constituting 7.7% and 7.5%, respectively. Conclusion. Thus, according to the data obtained, the contribution of СС size to the susceptibility of children aged 60-83 months to recurrent respiratory infections among other potential risk factors is insignificant. However, given the widely recognized diversity of mentioned factors, the result deserves due attention. This should be accounted while developing the final integrated model for predicting the frequency of ARI episodes in preschool children.

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Variability of basic anthropometric indicators in children aged 12-59 months with different frequency of acute respiratory infections in their medical history

Marushko,

Voloshin,

Savchenko

et al. 2024

MPU

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Aim - to determine the state of interdependence between the frequency of acute respiratory infections (ARI) episodes in children aged 12-59 months and basic indicators of their physical development. Materials and methods. A total of 136 children (68 boys and 68 girls) aged 12-59 months, undergoing inpatient treatment on ARI, were involved in the clinical study. The number of ARI episodes during the previous year of their life was taken into account. Additionally, two integral indices of ARI recurrence, specifically the infection index (InI) and resistance index (RI), were calculated. The basic indicators of physical development were assessed in the children, including: 1) body weight (BW); 2) body length (BL); 3) body surface area (BSA); 4) body mass index; 5) chest circumference; 6) integral index of dolichostenomelia. For the comparative analysis of the results obtained, the current standards of physical development indicators for children from the World Health Organization were used. The statistical processing of the digital data was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 28 licensed software. Results. In the examined children, InI was inversely and moderately correlated with BW, BL, BSA, and chest circumference. According to this correlation, higher InI was combined with lower physical development indicators. On the contrary, a direct and weakly expressed interdependence with BW, BL, and BSA was found for RI. It was confirmed by registration of bigger RI against the background of higher anthropometric parameters. A cross-tabulation demonstrated a moderate relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes, on the one hand, and the considered centile intervals for BL (φc=0.362; p=0.037) as well as the Z-intervals for the integral anthropometric parameter - BL/child’s age (φc=0.348; p=0.006), on the other hand. Conclusions. A linear regression analysis carried out in the children demonstrates the dependence of the frequency of ARI episodes only on their age. At that, none of the studied anthropometric indicators is represented in the resulting prognostic model. The absence of these indicators in the model obtained may be explained, firstly, by the small number of the examined patients, whose BW and BL belonged to 2 extreme centile intervals: 3-5% and 95-97%. Secondly, it is likely that the further study of the relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes and physical development indicators would be more advisable to undertake in children groups with narrower age ranges. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

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Practical Approach for the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management of Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children: Report from an Expert Closed-group Discussion

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

A comprehensive assessment of postnatal risk factors associated with recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children

A comprehensive assessment of postnatal risk factors associated with recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children

Basic Indicators of Physical Development in Children Aged 5-6 Years With Recurrent Respiratory Infections

Variability of basic anthropometric indicators in children aged 12-59 months with different frequency of acute respiratory infections in their medical history

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