Practical aspects of roadside tests for administrative traffic offences in Germany

Stupéfiants et conduite automobile - les actions réalisées en Belgique

“…De plus, étant donné que certains analytes comme le THC et la cocaïne sont instables dans des matrices biologiques, il convient de prendre certaines précautions pour la conservation et le transport des échantillons de sang. Un autre point de discussion est la suppression éventuelle des valeurs limites légales pour la présence de drogues dans le plasma, ce qui mènerait à une véritable politique de "tolérance zéro", à l'instar de l'exemple allemand et suédois (6,7). En tout cas, des schémas de contrôle de qualité doivent garantir la cohérence des résultats entre les différents laboratoires (8,9).…”

Evaluation of on-site oral fluid screening using Drugwipe-5+®, RapidSTAT® and Drug Test 5000® for the detection of drugs of abuse in drivers

“…At the moment, several European countries such as Belgium [2], France [3], Germany [4], Sweden [5], as well as Australia [6] and several US states [7] have adopted an analytical or 'per se' legislation to address this problem. In Belgium, a driver is sanctioned if D 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cocaine or its metabolite benzoylecgonine, morphine, amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine (MDEA) or N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxy-phenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) are detected in plasma in concentrations higher than the cut-off values mentioned in the law [2].…”

Driving under the influence of drugs — evaluation of analytical data of drugs in oral fluid, serum and urine, and correlation with impairment symptoms

“…Roadside urine testing is usually performed but it is time-consuming and has the risk of infections and potential disease transmission. Oral fluid testing has been proposed as an alternative [2] and has shown its usability in roadside studies [3][4][5][6][7]. Results can be obtained within a few minutes and sample contacts can be minimized by special sampling devices.…”