Practical Continuous-Wave Intracavity Optical Parametric Oscillators

Stothard, David J. M.

doi:10.5772/7152

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Upon examination of this figure, the VECSEL and SRO thresholds occur at an absorbed DPSSL power of 0.99 W and 1.78 W, respectively. At SRO threshold, the VECSEL intracavity power is estimated to be 1.59 W, in very good agreement with the ICSRO threshold condition, outlined in [27], and calculated to be 1.54 W. This implies that the ICSRO resonator is well-aligned and optimized in comparison to the designed configuration and that the laser cavity optics' coatings specifications are accurate. Furthermore, Fig.…”

Section: Hr-idler Icsro Power and Efficiency Performancesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Furthermore, Fig. 3b also demonstrates the three well-defined regions of ICSRO operation, with distinct evidence of the "pump-clamping" effect [27,28]: below VECSEL threshold (I), between VECSEL and SRO thresholds (II), and above SRO threshold (III). The linear relationship observed between the VECSEL intracavity field and the absorbed DPSSL power in the absence of PDC, as well as the expected "clamping" behavior of the VECSEL intracavity field above SRO threshold, serve to emphasize efficient modematching and strong optimized alignment concurrent within the ICSRO system.…”

Section: Hr-idler Icsro Power and Efficiency Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

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Single-frequency optical parametric oscillator intracavity-pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm

Anderson,

Moriya,

Caspani

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a visible AlGaInP-based vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL). Tunable emission over 1155–1300 nm in the signal and 1474–1718 nm in the idler are observed by temperature adjustment of a 40 mm-long 5%-MgO:PPLN crystal intracavity-pumped at 690 nm. When optimized for low oscillation threshold, and by implementing resonant idler output-coupling (Toc = 1.7%), extracted output powers of 26.2 mW (signal) and 5.6 mW (idler; one-way) are measured, corresponding to a total down-conversion efficiency and extraction efficiency of 70.2% and 43%, respectively. Further, a total down-conversion efficiency of 72.1% is achieved in the absence of idler output-coupling. Of particular interest for high-precision applications, including quantum optics experiments and squeezed light generation, high stability and single-frequency operation are also demonstrated. We measure RMS stabilities of 0.4%, 1.8% and 2.3% for the VECSEL fundamental, signal and idler, with (resolution-limited) frequency linewidths of 2.5 MHz (VECSEL) and 7.5 MHz (signal and idler).

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Section: Hr-idler Icsro Power and Efficiency Performancesupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Hr-idler Icsro Power and Efficiency Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

Single-frequency optical parametric oscillator intracavity-pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm

Anderson,

Moriya,

Caspani

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…design, high conversion efficiencies can be obtained. For example a 3W pump power can provide 300mW and 150mW of signal and idler power respectively, with an overall electrical power of 10W, and mode-hop-free tuning over hundreds of GHz is possible [235] . OPOs have enabled highly sensitive Hz -1/2 to give a limit of detection for ethane of 6 ppt Hz -1/2 [236] .…”

Section: Using An Intracavitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical gas sensing: a review

Hodgkinson

Tatam

2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

1,357

858

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The detection and measurement of gas concentrations using the characteristic optical absorption of the gas species is important for both understanding and monitoring a variety of phenomena from industrial processes to environmental change. This article reviews the field, covering several individual gas detection techniques including non-dispersive infrared (NDIR), spectrophotometry, tunable diode laser spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy. We present the basis for each technique, recent developments in methods and performance limitations. The technology available to support this field, in terms of key components such as light sources and gas cells, has advanced rapidly in recent years and we discuss these new developments. Finally, we present a performance comparison of different techniques, taking data reported over the preceding decade, and draw conclusions from this benchmarking.

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“…OPOs, in their traditional extra-cavity configuration, require high power pump lasers to bring them to threshold, which makes them similarly impractical for deployable gas detection. However, the intracavity approach (IC-OPO) exploits the high circulating optical field of the laser that brings the parametric effect to the threshold already with several hundred milliwatts of primary pump power 12 . We propose to use the same feature to enhance sensitivity of photoacoustic spectroscopy setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensitivity through intra-cavity OPO excitation

Polak¹,

Stothard

2018

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XIX

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We report an optical molecular gas sensor exhibiting high levels of selectivity and sensitivity. The outstanding sensitivity demonstrated by our technology is rooted in a novel combination of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) operated within the cavity of a continuous-wave, intra-cavity Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO). We exploit the very high circulating field present within the resonant down-converted cavity as the excitation source of the photoacoustic effect, conferring orders-of-magnitude improvement in optical excitation power. Additionally, the wide selectivity of the system arises from the inherent broad tunability and narrow optical linewidth of an OPO. Here we report the use of this technology for the detection of ammonia (NH3) as a simulant target molecule. A 3-D printed miniature PAS cell with microelectromechanical systems based (MEMS) microphone is used for the gas detection. The resonance frequency of the cell was measured at 17.9 kHz with a Q-factor of 9. The down-converted signal wave resonating within its optical cavity was tuned to 6605.6cm-1 (corresponding to a strong local NH3 absorption line) through a combination of phase matching and intra-cavity etalon control. The laser was amplitude modulated at the resonance frequency of the PAS cell, producing an average optical excitation power of ~10W in the signal arm of the OPO, to induce the photoacoustic effect for only 4W of primary diode pump power. In this work we show detection limit at the level of single parts-per-billion (ppb). Additionally, we will discuss how this technology could be readily refined to potentially demonstrate a sensitivity of tens parts-per-quadrillion.

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Practical Continuous-Wave Intracavity Optical Parametric Oscillators

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Single-frequency optical parametric oscillator intracavity-pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm

Single-frequency optical parametric oscillator intracavity-pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm

Optical gas sensing: a review

Enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensitivity through intra-cavity OPO excitation

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