Practical Online Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Apparent Series Resistance for Mild Hybrid Vehicles

Lièvre, Aurélien; Sarı, Ali; Venet, Pascal; Hijazi, Alaa; Ouattara-Brigaudet, Mathilde; Pélissier, Serge

doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2446333

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Based on the approach used by Lievre et al [15], DRE algorithm uses a moving time window that continuously checks for sharp pulses in current and voltage. When a significant change in both current and voltage is detected by the BMS, Ohm's law can be used to estimate the resistance.…”

Section: Direct Resistance Estimation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) filter will be utilized. The filter has been shown by Lievre et al [15] to provide substantial noise reduction while being computationally efficient. One significant advantage of using this filter is that it requires only storage of the previous mean value.…”

Section: Direct Resistance Estimation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One approach to deal with this issue has been proposed by Lievre et al [15], where the resistance is estimated from the voltage drop across the battery, caused by large current variations in the profile. However, currently, no published works have examined how resistance estimates from this approach compare to more advanced filtering approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Resistance Estimation Techniques for Battery Management Systems

et al. 2018

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Safe and efficient operation of a battery pack requires a battery management system (BMS) that can accurately predict the pack state-of-heath (SOH). Although there is no universal definition for battery SOH, it is often defined based on the increase in the battery's internal resistance. Techniques such as extended Kalman filter (EKF) and recursive least squares (RLS) are two frequently used approaches for online estimation of this resistance. These two methods can, however, be computationally expensive, especially in the case of a battery pack composed of hundreds of cells. In addition, both methods require a battery model as well as chemistry specific parameters. Therefore, this paper investigates the performance of a direct resistance estimation (DRE) technique that requires minimal computational resources and can be implemented without any training data. This approach estimates the ohmic resistance only when the battery experiences sharp pulses in current. Comparison of results from the three algorithms shows that the DRE algorithm can accurately identify a degraded cell under various operating conditions while significantly reducing the required computational complexity. The findings will further advance diagnostic techniques for the identification of a weak cell in a large battery pack.

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Section: Direct Resistance Estimation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct Resistance Estimation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Resistance Estimation Techniques for Battery Management Systems

et al. 2018

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“…So, a cell's State of Health (SoH) is defined by the ratio between these two capacity values, as shown by Equation (2). For applications requiring significant power more than a willingness to deliver energy, SoH can also be defined relative to the ESR [6].…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Battery Architecture Dependability

et al. 2018

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This paper presents various solutions for organizing an accumulator battery. It examines three different architectures: series-parallel, parallel-series and C3C architecture, which spread the cell output current flux to three other cells. Alternatively, to improve a several cell system reliability, it is possible to insert more cells than necessary and soliciting them less. Classical RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety) solutions can be deployed by adding redundant cells or by tolerating some cell failures. With more cells than necessary, it is also possible to choose active cells by a selection algorithm and place the others at rest. Each variant is simulated for the three architectures in order to determine the impact on battery-operative dependability, that is to say the duration of how long the battery complies specifications. To justify that the conventional RAMS solutions are not deployed to date, this article examines the influence on operative dependability. If the conventional variants allow to extend the moment before the battery stops to be operational, using an algorithm with a suitable optimization criterion further extend the battery mission time.Batteries 2018, 4, 31 2 of 12 seen in Figure 1. In this, a cell is represented as a series association of an open-circuit voltage (OCV), an equivalent series resistance (ESR) and a parallel RC circuit. The ESR corresponds to the battery terminals voltage V cell , only if it is measured without an external load connection and with the cell at rest for an adequate time. This time is necessary for balancing internal electrical charges (relaxation phenomenon). A double-layer capacitance (C w ) and a charge transfer resistance (R w ) complete the model by describing relaxation. Other internal phenomena such as a hysteresis voltage can also be modeled by additional subcircuits. Hysteresis consists in a shifting on the open-circuit voltage for the same contained charge between current direction, an upward offset with a negative current I cell in charging phase and a downset offset with a positive current in the discharge phase.Batteries 2018, 4, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 12 an equivalent series resistance (ESR) and a parallel RC circuit. The ESR corresponds to the battery terminals voltage Vcell, only if it is measured without an external load connection and with the cell at rest for an adequate time. This time is necessary for balancing internal electrical charges (relaxation phenomenon). A double-layer capacitance (Cw) and a charge transfer resistance (Rw) complete the model by describing relaxation. Other internal phenomena such as a hysteresis voltage can also be modeled by additional subcircuits. Hysteresis consists in a shifting on the open-circuit voltage for the same contained charge between current direction, an upward offset with a negative current Icell in charging phase and a downset offset with a positive current in the discharge phase.

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“…Both electrodes are made of lithium intercalation compounds. Therefore, lithium ions are transferred between both electrodes [29]. On the other hand, SCs' storage of the energy does not rely on redox reactions.…”

Section: Operating Principle Of Lithium-ion Capacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Capacitance Evolution of Lithium-Ion Capacitors Based on Frequency- and Time-Domain Measurements

Ghossein

Sarı

Venet

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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The integration of Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) in contemporary applications highly depends on the performance of these devices. Supplying high power for a reasonable period of time is one of their main targets in several applications like backup systems and transport technologies. For this purpose, Lithium-Ion Capacitors (LICs) would demonstrate better suitability than conventional ESSs for applications requiring a small installation space and a long lifetime. They are known for their energy density greater than that of Supercapacitors (SCs) and their power density greater than that of Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs). This paper explains the electrochemical processes that interfere in the storage of energy inside a LIC. The analysis of these phenomena was the tool for assessing the nonlinear capacitance evolution of the LIC with respect to its voltage. Several measurement techniques in the frequency and time domains were elaborated and compared in order to assess this nonlinear behavior of the LIC. Some of the measurement protocols contained constant voltage phases that had a significant effect on the variation of the capacitance. The novelty of this study concerns the introduction of a new measurement protocol that takes into account the particular characteristics of LICs. Their unique behavior is explained for the first time based on a physicochemical analysis.Index Terms-Lithium-ion capacitor, nonlinear capacitance evolution, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, time domain measurements, energy storage system, constant voltage phase.

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Practical Online Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Apparent Series Resistance for Mild Hybrid Vehicles

Cited by 71 publications

References 18 publications

Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Resistance Estimation Techniques for Battery Management Systems

Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Resistance Estimation Techniques for Battery Management Systems

Comparison of Battery Architecture Dependability

Nonlinear Capacitance Evolution of Lithium-Ion Capacitors Based on Frequency- and Time-Domain Measurements

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