Practical pearls to improve the efficacy and tolerability of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease

Lenka, Abhishek; Maria, Gianluca Di; Lamotte, Guillaume; Bahroo, Laxman; Jankovic, Joseph

doi:10.1080/14737175.2022.2091436

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Although L-DOPA has been used to treat Parkinson's disease for decades (Lenka et al, 2022), its potential benefits for use in livestock is unknown. L-DOPA extraction from plants is relatively simple using acidified water (Dhanani et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of intra-abomasal administration of L-DOPA on circulating catecholamines and feed intake in cattle

Valente

Klotz²,

Egert-McLean³

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Dopamine has multiple physiological functions including feed intake control in which it can act as an anorectic or orexigenic agent. This study had the objective to evaluate intra-abomasal administration of L-DOPA (levodopa; L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) from -Mucuna pruriens on circulating catecholamines, indicators of energy metabolism and feed intake in cattle. Eight Holstein steers (340 ± 20 kg) fitted with ruminal cannula were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin Square design experiment. Intra-abomasal infusion of L-DOPA at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg BW was carried out for seven days and blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 min from L-DOPA infusion on day 7. The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma L-DOPA and free dopamine increased quadratically with the administration of L-DOPA. However, the AUC of plasma total dopamine had a positive linear response with the increase of L-DOPA. Conversely, the serum 5-hydroxytriptophan (5-HTP), plasma serotonin, serum serotonin, serum tyrosine, plasma glucose and plasma free fatty acids were not affected by the intra-abomasal infusion of L-DOPA. The circulating concentration of the epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, glucose and free fatty acids did not change with L-DOPA infusion. It can be concluded that intra-abomasal L-DOPA administration produced a strong increase in circulating dopamine with no change in energy metabolites and feed intake in cattle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of intra-abomasal administration of L-DOPA on circulating catecholamines and feed intake in cattle

Valente

Klotz²,

Egert-McLean³

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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“…Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, with over one million reported cases in North America alone. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective and sustained loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, a region located in the midbrain (Lenka et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medial Forebrain Bundle Axotomy Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal Degeneration is Accompanied with Microglial Activation

Kim,

Song,

Choy

2023

IJAR

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Background: We aimed to investigate the role of microglia in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by using the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) axotomy model, one of the animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: We performed immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot assays on rats sacrificed 7, 14, and 28 days after the axotomy of their MFB to study tissue immune responses. Animal sacrifice was performed 30 minutes prior to injection of hydroethidine into the abdominal cavity to investigate the presence of oxidative stress in the brain tissue and the characteristics of cells that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Result: Using OX42 and OX6 antibodies, excessive activation of microglia occurred in the surgical site of the substantia nigra on 7 days after the procedure. Activated microglia were still present and clustered even in the 14-day and 28-day groups, although their reactivity had slightly decreased compared to the 7-day group. These cells showed strong immunopositive reactions to ED1, indicating that they were actively engaged in phagocytic activity. Many activated microglia showing positive immunofluorescence staining for OX6 also expressed ethidium fluorescence, indicating that these cells were actively generating and secreting ROS.

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“…Although there is no cure for Parkinson's disease, its symptoms can be improved with medication, surgery and other therapies. The most used and effective drug is levodopa and are not always available everywhere (Lenka, et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Docking of Zingerone and Gamma-Mangostin to Inhibit MAO-B and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Saraiva

Silva

Sousa

et al. 2022

RSD

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Currently, there is no drug that has proven neuroprotective properties in Parkinson's disease. The best-known drug is levodopa, which acts as inhibitors of the MAO-B and COMT enzymes involved in dopamine degradation. Although levodopa is the "gold standard" of treatment, as the disease progresses, most patients develop complications from the therapy and side effects. In this sense, the combination of two abundant substances and phytotherapics as alternatives to the use of traditional medicines is approached, namely Zingerone and Gamma-Mangostin. In which they presented favorable results in molecular docking.

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Practical pearls to improve the efficacy and tolerability of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 88 publications

Influence of intra-abomasal administration of L-DOPA on circulating catecholamines and feed intake in cattle

Influence of intra-abomasal administration of L-DOPA on circulating catecholamines and feed intake in cattle

Medial Forebrain Bundle Axotomy Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal Degeneration is Accompanied with Microglial Activation

Molecular Docking of Zingerone and Gamma-Mangostin to Inhibit MAO-B and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

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