Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2004.
DOI: 10.1109/freq.2004.1418434
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Practical realization of a passive coherent population trapping frequency standard

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Cited by 11 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…However, these clocks suffer in general on longer times scales from significant frequency drifts, preventing them to be fully competitive with best compact vapor cell atomic clocks [14,15]. In the following, we will use the expression mid-term for times between 100 and 10 4 s, and long-term for times greater than 10 4 s. A first important contribution to the clock mid-andlong term fractional frequency stability of CPT clocks is the buffer-gas induced temperature-dependent frequency shift, usually measured in fractional value at the level of a few 10 −10 /K [16][17][18]. Hopefully, this contribution can be significantly reduced by using a properly-tuned buffer gas mixture [19,20], stabilizing finely the cell temperature below the mK level and adopting a well-designed alkali cell geometry to prevent any abnormally large temperature sensitivity [21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, these clocks suffer in general on longer times scales from significant frequency drifts, preventing them to be fully competitive with best compact vapor cell atomic clocks [14,15]. In the following, we will use the expression mid-term for times between 100 and 10 4 s, and long-term for times greater than 10 4 s. A first important contribution to the clock mid-andlong term fractional frequency stability of CPT clocks is the buffer-gas induced temperature-dependent frequency shift, usually measured in fractional value at the level of a few 10 −10 /K [16][17][18]. Hopefully, this contribution can be significantly reduced by using a properly-tuned buffer gas mixture [19,20], stabilizing finely the cell temperature below the mK level and adopting a well-designed alkali cell geometry to prevent any abnormally large temperature sensitivity [21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Highly miniaturized chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs) 1 create possibilities for new practical applications where small size, low power consumption, and good long-term timing stability are required. These atomic clocks are expected to find uses among such other commercially successful timing devices as precision crystal oscillators and compact atomic clocks, [2][3][4] potentially having the power consumption of the first and the long-term stability of the latter. Physics packages having volumes as small as several cubic millimeters 1 and consuming less than 10 mW of electrical power 5 have already been demonstrated.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Over the past decade, coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clocks have been developed and are now widely used [1][2][3][4][5]. In the prevailing scheme for the compact CPT atomic clock, a multi-chromatic laser beam is initially output by a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), driven by a microwave-modulated current.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%