Practical Verifiable In-network Filtering for DDoS defense

Abstract

In light of ever-increasing scale and sophistication of modern DDoS attacks, it is time to revisit in-network filtering or the idea of empowering DDoS victims to install in-network traffic filters in the upstream transit networks. Recent proposals show that filtering DDoS traffic at a handful of large transit networks can handle volumetric DDoS attacks effectively. However, the innetwork filtering primitive can also be misused. Transit networks can use the in-network filtering service as an excuse for any arbitrary packet drops made for their own benefit. For example, transit networks may intentionally execute filtering services poorly or unfairly to discriminate their competing neighbor ASes while claiming that they drop packets for the sake of DDoS defense. We argue that it is due to the lack of verifiable filtering -i.e., no one can check if a transit network executes the filter rules correctly as requested by the DDoS victims. To make in-network filtering a more robust defense primitive, in this paper, we propose a verifiable in-network filtering, called VIF, that exploits emerging hardware-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) and offers filtering verifiability to DDoS victims and neighbor ASes. Our proof of concept demonstrates that a VIF filter implementation on commodity servers with TEE support can handle traffic at line rate (e.g., 10 Gb/s) and execute up to 3,000 filter rules. We show that VIF can easily scale to handle larger traffic volume (e.g., 500 Gb/s) and more complex filtering operations (e.g., 150,000 filter rules) by parallelizing the TEE-based filters. As a practical deployment model, we suggest that Internet exchange points (IXPs) are the ideal candidates for the early adopters of our verifiable filters due to their central locations and flexible software-defined architecture. Our largescale simulations of two realistic attacks (i.e., DNS amplification, Mirai-based flooding) show that only a small number (e.g., 5-25) of large IXPs are needed to offer the VIF filtering service to handle the majority (e.g., up to 80-90%) of DDoS traffic.1 VIF stands for 'Verifiable In-network Filtering'.

LogDoS: A Novel logging-based DDoS prevention mechanism in path identifier-Based information centric networks

“…Other research (e.g., [16,17]) focused on identifying the scan sources behind amplification DDoS attacks. In addition to many approaches (e.g., [14,26,12]) for filtering of DDoS attack tra c. With the increased interest in Information Centric Networking in recent years and the potential threat of DDoS attacks in these networks, several mechanisms have been proposed to address this important issue. The following subsections reviews main research in the area of DDoS attacks in ICN networks considering two main types: (i) Interest flooding attacks in NDN and (ii) Data flooding attacks in path identifier-based ICN.…”