“…Even though this option seemed initially feasible, it revealed inequalities within the country regarding internet accessibility and the availability of devices in vulnerable places. Zoom and Meet require both high internet speeds and storage space, increasing barriers to access virtual education for people in low socio-economic strata and complicating the linking of rural areas; thus, the need for other alternatives and devices to reach a wider population has become vital (García Gutiérrez et al, 2023). The government, in collaboration with local educational institutions, concluded that most of the population (119% of them) has a mobile device in their homes (Medina, 2020), which encouraged the integration of smartphones in most educational institutions using applications or platforms like WhatsApp as a way to transfer synchronous sessions to asynchronous ones, making it the most suitable alternative for rural schools and low-income students to advance their learning processes (Domenech Pantoja et al,2023).…”