Practice and Barriers towards Provision of Health Promotion Services among Community Pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Gelayee, Dessalegn Asmelashe; Mekonnen, Gashaw Binega; Atnafe, Seyfe Asrade

doi:10.1155/2017/7873951

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with the result from a previous study which reported that female pharmacists were significantly more involved than males in providing general health promotion services and significantly highly rated the quality of service they provided as compared to males. 24 Although this study assessed self-reported level of involvement of pharmacists and druggists, it seems that males were less involved in the activities that should be carried out to handle DRP and in cooperating with other health-care professionals. So we recommend further study to find out specific barriers unique to these groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pharmaceutical Care Practice in Community and Institutional Drug Retail Outlets of Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia

Ayalew

Solomon

Abay

2019

Glob Adv Health Med

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Background Pharmaceutical care (PC) practice in Ethiopia is not well developed and is at its infant stage. As a result, very little is known about the level of involvement of pharmacy professionals in PC activities. Objective The aim of this study was to assess PC practice at drug retail outlets (DROs) of Gondar town and to identify factors associated with it. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 pharmacy professionals working in 55 DROs located in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Data on sociodemographic characteristics of respondents, their involvement in PC activities, handling of drug-related problems (DRPs), and consultation with colleagues and other health-care providers were collected and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results Majority of study participants were degree holders in pharmacy (68.7%) and work in community DROs (78%). Over half of the respondents (56.5%) were found to practice good PC, asking at least 3 of their last 5 patients what the goal of their drug therapy was. Nearly a quarter (24%) of pharmacy professionals did not document the desired therapeutic objectives for all the 5 patients they served. Handling of DRPs is poor for majority (76%) of the pharmacy professionals. Respondents working in the community DROs and diploma holders are poorly involved in PC activities. Age < 30 years, male sex, and working in the community DROs are significantly associated with poorer relation with colleague and other health-care providers. Conclusions Pharmacy professionals working in DROs of Gondar town have little involvement in the provision of PC. Especially, their handling of DRPs is very poor. The level of involvement of pharmacy professionals on some types of PC services was significantly associated with their sex, age, working site, and level of education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pharmaceutical Care Practice in Community and Institutional Drug Retail Outlets of Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia

Ayalew

Solomon

Abay

2019

Glob Adv Health Med

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“…First, community pharmacists generally find the lack of time as a major barrier of proper counseling [54]. Moreover, as reported in several community pharmacists-based surveys, lack of employer reimbursement and lack of professional fees discourage community pharmacists from providing effective patient counseling services [55,56]. In Egypt, many community pharmacy employers measure their staff pharmacists’ efficiency by the volume of filled prescriptions and the number of sold medications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, in many community pharmacists-based surveys, pharmacists consider patients’ attitudes to be one of the major barriers toward effective counseling [54,56,61]. Moreover, several population-based reports in the Middle East showed that large proportions of the participants think of pharmacists as mere vendors [62,63,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Community Pharmacy Practice in Antibiotic Self-Medication Encounters: A Simulated Patient Study in Upper Egypt

Abdelaziz

Tawfik

Rabie³

et al. 2019

Antibiotics

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Antibiotic misuse, either by patients or healthcare professionals, is one of the major contributing factors to antimicrobial resistance. In many Middle Eastern countries including Egypt, there are no strict regulations regarding antibiotic dispensing by community pharmacies. In this study, we examined antibiotic dispensing patterns in Egyptian community pharmacies. About 150 community pharmacies were randomly chosen using convenience sampling from the five most populous urban districts of Minia Governorate in Egypt. Two simulated patient (SP) scenarios of viral respiratory tract infection requiring no antibiotic treatment were used to assess the actual antibiotics dispensing practice of. Face-to-face interviews were then conducted to assess the intended dispensing practice. Descriptive statistics were calculated to report the main study outcomes. In 238 visits of both scenarios, 98.3% of service providers dispensed amoxicillin. Although stated otherwise in interviews, most pharmacy providers (63%) dispensed amoxicillin without collecting relevant information from presenting SPs. Findings showed high rates of antibiotic misuse in community pharmacies. Discrepancies between interviews and patient simulation results also suggest a practice‒knowledge gap. Corrective actions, whether legislation, enforcement, education, or awareness campaigns about antibiotic misuse, are urgently needed to improve antibiotic dispensing practices in Egyptian community pharmacies.

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“…A similar high involvement of pharmacists in related health promotion services were reported among community pharmacists in Malaysia, reported that they are also highly contributed in education for chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. 16 In Ethiopia, pharmacists are engaged in health promotion activities, although lack of training has limited their level of involvement and practice variability was noted on level of educational and pharmacy ownership 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists' Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Provision of Health Promotion Practices in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Kristina¹,

Ekasari²,

Nurmasfufatun³

et al. 2019

Int. Res. J. Pharm.

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The rising demand in health promotion services has become a good opportunity for pharmacists. In many developing countries, including Indonesia, the role of pharmacists in this field has not been widely known. The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge, self-efficacy, and provision of health promotion, as well as its association in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was used. A validated questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic section, 15 items knowledge, 9 items self-efficacy using 4-point Likert scale was delivered to the pharmacists who attended a monthly continuous education held by Indonesian Pharmacist Association, on June 2017. Data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate to see the association between variables. Of total 224 respondents (89 % response rate), most of them were aged 23-29 years old (48%), female (90%), working experience 1-5 years (47%), and monthly income of 2-3 million IDR (50.81%). Approximately 77.42% pharmacists presented good knowledge and 71.77% of them presented high self-efficacy in health promotion services. Almost all of the respondents (88%) provided the health promotion, including patient education on drug use, smoking cessation counseling, and disease prevention. There was an association between knowledge, self-efficacy, and health promotion practices (p <0.001). Pharmacists with higher level of knowledge and positive self-efficacy were more likely to provide health promotion services. A vast majority of pharmacists provided health promotion activities. Further studies are urgently needed to address the challenges in providing health promotion services and extend the varieties of the service provided.

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Practice and Barriers towards Provision of Health Promotion Services among Community Pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Pharmaceutical Care Practice in Community and Institutional Drug Retail Outlets of Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia

Pharmaceutical Care Practice in Community and Institutional Drug Retail Outlets of Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia

Quality of Community Pharmacy Practice in Antibiotic Self-Medication Encounters: A Simulated Patient Study in Upper Egypt

Pharmacists' Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Provision of Health Promotion Practices in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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