Practice of Menstrual Hygiene and Associated Factors among Adolescent School Girls in Dang District, Nepal

Bhusal, Chet Kant

doi:10.1155/2020/1292070

Cited by 41 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, the relationship was not significant for menstrual hygiene practices. Our finding is different from a study that stated good menstrual hygiene practice was high among schoolgirls whose fathers were educated (53). It may be because college students' menstrual knowledge might be different from school student's knowledge.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: results from a cross-sectional survey

Ahmad

Sg²,

Gupta

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Girls in many low and middle-income countries enter puberty with knowledge gaps and misconceptions about menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practices that increase health risk. Despite such importance, educated girls' knowledge and hygienic practice towards menstruation are not well addressed in India. Consequently, the present study attempted to assess menstrual hygiene knowledge and practice among college students in Lucknow city in north India. Method: An online college-based cross-sectional study design was employed in Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh in India. Data collection was carried out from September 11 to September 25, 2020, using a google form among undergraduate and Postgraduate students. All variables that were significant at bivariate level (at P-value < 0.05) were entered into multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model to control for confounding factors. In the final model, P-value of less than 0.05 was used as a base to identify factors having a statistically significant association with poor knowledge and hygiene practice at corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results: More than half of students' ages of menarche were between 12-15 years, and duration of menses flow was between 3-5 days. The most common premenstrual symptom was abdominal pain (67%) and back pain (50.5%). Majority of the students had first time discussed menstrual problems with their mothers (69.2%). Around 94% of students were currently using a sanitary pad as an absorbent. Regarding cleanliness, about (90.9%) girls clean their genitals after urinating during mensuration. Around 18.9% used medication during menstruation. Multivariate analyses reveal that students of Science and Technology (vs Commerce and Management Students) and monthly family income 50-100 thousand (vs < 25 thousands) were associated with good knowledge about menstruation. In contrast, students' fathers were graduates (vs school educated); the occupation was 'Other'(vs Farmer) ; living in a nuclear family(vs Joint family) and residing in urban areas(vs Rural) were less likely to have good menstruation knowledge. Besides, good hygiene practices are less likely to have with 'Other' Religion(vs Hindu), working mother(vs Housewife), monthly family income between 25 to 50 thousand(vs <25 thousands), and Nuclear family(vs Joint family) (p<0.05). Conclusions Most college students had poor knowledge but followed hygienic practices correctly. It demonstrates a need to design acceptable awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve college students' knowledge during menstruation. Of all the sociodemographic factors, monthly income and types of family influenced students' knowledge and practices related to menstruation.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: results from a cross-sectional survey

Ahmad

Sg²,

Gupta

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This difference might be the difference in students’ knowledge level regarding menstrual hygiene practice and socio-cultural difference. [9, 13]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of menstrual hygiene practice and associated factor among High school female students in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia 2019

Alemayehu

Gerada

2020

Preprint

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Background: Menstruation is a visible manifestation of cyclic uterine bleeding as a result of the interaction of different hormones. During menstruation, girls face gender problems. These are, early marriage, premature childbirth, higher infant mortality and potential vaginal infections resulting in infertility. Objective: To assess the level of menstrual hygiene practice and associated factors among high school female students in Harar town Eastern, Ethiopia,2019. A cross-sectional quantitative study were employed from April 02-05/2019. a minimum sample size of 301 Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Result: According to study 168(55.8%) had good practiced the rest had no. students who have no pocket money from family(AOR 0.36:95% CI,0.309,0.989) was 64% less likely poor practiced than students who have permanent pocket money, students who have no educated father(AOR 0.39:95% CI, 0.180,0.872) was 61% less likely poor practiced than who have educated father and students who had not Freely discuss with parents(AOR 0.45:95% CI,0.22,0.903) was 55% less likely poor practiced than who had Freely discuss with parents. Conclusion: According to this study result, The major female students of high school in Harar town had good knowledge about menstrual hygiene practice. Also, the practice of good menstrual hygiene was more among students who live in the urban 0.27 times than students who live in the rural area, good menstrual hygiene practice was more among students who have permanent pocket money from family 0.36 times than students who have no permanent pocket money from family, good menstrual hygiene practice was more among students who have educated father 0.4 times than students who have no educated father and students who had Freely discuss about menstruation with parents had more good menstrual hygiene practice 0.45 times than who had not Freely discuss about menstruation with parents.

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“…In many parts of Nepal, menstrual behaviours are shaped by socio-cultural restrictions and taboos, which inhibit MHM [21,22]. To combat this, Nepal has worked to integrate gender within WASH policy development and implementation, such as ensuring gender segregated toilets that include MHM facilities are constructed in schools, and ensuring women hold leadership positions in WASH management structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Nepal’s water, sanitation and hygiene and menstrual hygiene policies and supporting documents inclusive of disability? A policy analysis

Wilbur

Scherer

Mactaggart

et al. 2021

Int J Equity Health

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Purpose This study assesses the inclusion of disability in Nepal’s policy and guidance relevant to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in comparison to gender. We investigated both policy formulation and implementation, using the Kavrepalanchok district as a case study. Materials and methods We used the EquiFrame framework, adapted for disability and gender, and focusing on WASH and MHM. Ten Nepali policies and guidance documents were reviewed and scored for quality against the framework, which included 21 core concepts of human rights. We also interviewed key informants to consider the inclusion of disability in the implementation of MHM interventions. We applied stratified purpose sampling to 12 government officials and service providers working in Kathmandu and the Kavrepalanchock district; conducted in-depth interviews and analysed data thematically using Nvivo 11. Results Disability was inadequately covered within the policy documents, and MHM policy commitments for disability were almost non-existent. Participation of people with disabilities in policy development was limited; within Kavrepalanchok, policy commitments were not implemented as intended and disability service providers were unable to allocate government resources. Inadequate data on disability and MHM resulted in limited professional understanding of the issues, as service providers had no training. A narrow WASH infrastructure approach to improving MHM for people with disabilities was prioritised. MHM interventions were delivered in schools; these failed to reach children with disabilities who are often out of school. Finally, there were indications that some caregivers seek sterilisation for people with disabilities who are unable to manage menstruation independently. Conclusion Though the Constitution of Nepal enshrines gender equality and disability inclusion, there are consistent gaps in attention to disability and MHM in policies and practice. These omit and exclude people with disabilities from MHM interventions. Investment is required to generate evidence on the MHM barriers faced by people with disabilities, which would then be drawn on to develop training on these issues for professionals to improve understanding. Subsequently, policy makers could include more concepts of human rights against disability in relevant policies and service providers could implement policy commitments as intended.

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Practice of Menstrual Hygiene and Associated Factors among Adolescent School Girls in Dang District, Nepal

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: results from a cross-sectional survey

Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: results from a cross-sectional survey

Assessment of menstrual hygiene practice and associated factor among High school female students in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia 2019

Are Nepal’s water, sanitation and hygiene and menstrual hygiene policies and supporting documents inclusive of disability? A policy analysis

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