Practitioner’s perspectives: introducing a different voice in applied ecology

Hulme, Philip E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01938.x

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Considering the applications of research to invasive plant management during the experimental design phase, by involving practitioners and using an adaptive management approach, will make studies more effective. Others have noted how remarkably disconnected research can be from actual efforts to conserve and restore ecosystems by practitioners (Anonymous 2007; Hulme 2011); invasive plant researchers have a particular obligation to bridge this gap.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learned from invasive plant control experiments: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kettenring¹,

Adams²

2011

Journal of Applied Ecology

512

506

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Summary1. Invasive plants can reduce biodiversity, alter ecosystem functions and have considerable economic impacts. Invasive plant control is therefore the focus of restoration research in invader-dominated ecosystems. Increasing the success of restoration practice requires analysis and synthesis of research findings and assessment of how experiments can be improved. 2. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of invasive plant control research papers, we asked: (i) what control efforts have been most successful; and (ii) what invasive plant control research best translates into successful restoration application? 3. The literature evaluated typically described experiments that were limited in scope. Most plot sizes were small ( <1 m 2 ), time frames were brief (51% evaluated control for one growing season or less) and few species and ecosystems (predominantly grasslands) were studied throughout much of the literature. The scale at which most experiments were conducted potentially limits relevance to the large scales at which restorations typically occur. 4. Most studies focused on invasive species removal and lacked an evaluation of native revegetation following removal. Few studies (33%) included active revegetation even though native species propagule limitation was common. Restoration success was frequently complicated by re-invasion or establishment of a novel invader. 5. Few studies (29%) evaluated the costs of invasive species control. Additionally, control sometimes had undesirable effects, including negative impacts to native species. 6. Synthesis and applications. Despite a sizeable literature on invasive plant control experiments, many large-scale invasive plant management efforts have had only moderate restoration success. We identified several limitations to successful invasive species control including: minimal focus on revegetation with natives after invasive removal, limited spatial and temporal scope of invasive plant control research, and incomplete evaluation of costs and benefits associated with invasive species management actions. We suggest that information needed to inform invasive plant management can be better provided if researchers specifically address these limitations. Many limitations can be addressed by involving managers in research, particularly through adaptive management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learned from invasive plant control experiments: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kettenring¹,

Adams²

2011

Journal of Applied Ecology

512

506

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“…Recent studies have shown that scientific results are rarely converted into actions by resource managers (Pullin & Knight, 2001;Sutherland et al, 2004;Sarewitz & Pielke, 2007;Hart & Calhoun, 2010;Barmuta, Linke & Turak, 2011). Moreover, more applied studies documenting successful and unsuccessful conservation actions need to be published in the peer-reviewed literature (Pullin & Knight, 2009;Hulme, 2011). Moreover, more applied studies documenting successful and unsuccessful conservation actions need to be published in the peer-reviewed literature (Pullin & Knight, 2009;Hulme, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early effects of the strategies of creating a genetic refuge and direct translocation for conserving and restoring populations of native brown trout

Caudron¹,

Champigneulle²,

Vigier³

et al. 2012

Freshwater Biology

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Summary 1. The conservation of salmonid inter‐ and intra‐specific diversity is a well‐known challenge, and general management guidelines and conservation processes are available. However, research demonstrating the outcomes of practical conservation actions is largely lacking. 2. We monitored the spatiotemporal genetic and demographic evolution of a native Mediterranean brown trout population in a river in the French Alps to assess the efficacy and early effects of genetic refuge (i.e. cessation of stocking) and wild trout translocation strategies. We also studied the use of angling as a tool to limit the introgression of the wild standing population. 3. We found that the rate of non‐native alleles in wild populations was age dependent, underpinning the importance of using age profiles in the design of genetic conservation studies. 4. Genetic refuge and direct translocation of wild trout resulted in a rapid and significant decrease in the percentages of non‐native alleles. Moreover, the genetic refuge strategy resulted in a significant reduction in the number of pure non‐native individuals, without changing trout densities, whilst direct translocations resulted in the establishment of dense, self‐sustaining native trout populations. Direct translocations changed the distribution of genotype categories and increased densities up to 55‐fold in 3 years. Our results also showed that angling resulted in a selective pressure on non‐native trout introduced at fry stage, whereas non‐native trout issued from natural recruitment were not affected. 5. Our study provides insights for improving the efficacy of practical conservation policies and can be used in other native freshwater fish conservation plans. Proactive measures such as direct translocation need to be implemented together with passive approaches such as genetic refuge policies. Before implementing such actions, accurate genetic and demographic studies at small geographical scales are essential to ensure that no self‐sustaining population of non‐native fish is present. To obtain rapid colonisation, we recommend introducing fish along whole river sections rather than concentrating on a few river stretches. Angling pressure can be used as an additional tool to improve restoration.

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“…Nature ; Goulson et al . ; Hulme ). These often recognize that the publication of a scientific paper is not the way to communicate with policymakers or practitioners, as they rarely read such material, and may fail to understand the policy or practical implications of complex statistical analyses or detailed scientific arguments or the relevance of the conclusions reached by the work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PRACTITIONER'S PERSPECTIVE: How can ecologists make conservation policy more evidence based? Ideas and examples from a devolved perspective

Bainbridge

2014

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Practitioner’s perspectives: introducing a different voice in applied ecology

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

Lessons learned from invasive plant control experiments: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lessons learned from invasive plant control experiments: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Early effects of the strategies of creating a genetic refuge and direct translocation for conserving and restoring populations of native brown trout

PRACTITIONER'S PERSPECTIVE: How can ecologists make conservation policy more evidence based? Ideas and examples from a devolved perspective

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