Praziquantel

Harder, Achim

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39824-7_8

Treatment of Human Parasitosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine

2013

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-39824-7_8

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Praziquantel

Achim Harder

Abstract: Praziquantel is the most common antiparasitic drug against all types of trematodes and cestodes. Although discovered in Germany at Bayer Company, it came first on the market in China due to the high pressure of severe diseases such as schistosomiasis in Asia. This very efficient and safe compound is today the gold standard in the treatment of human and animal infections due to Platyhelminthes. Thus all plant-derived products-old and new ones-have to be compared with its high standards.

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2020

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Activation of transient receptor potential channel Sm.(Schistosoma mansoni)TRPMPZQ by PZQ, enhanced Ca++ influx, spastic paralysis, and tegumental disrupture—the deadly cascade in parasitic schistosomes, other trematodes, and cestodes

Harder

2020

Parasitol Res

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After almost 50 years of praziquantel (PZQ) research, Park and Marchant (Trends Parasitol 36:182–194, 2020 ) described the Ca ++ -permeable transient receptor potential (TRP) channel Sm.TRPM PZQ in Schistosoma mansoni as target of PZQ. Here we describe the deadly cascade in schistosomes which is induced by the (R)-PZQ enantiomer that includes contemporaneous stereoselective activation of Sm.TRPM PZQ -mediated Ca ++ influx, disturbed Ca ++ homeostasis, Ca ++ -dependent spastic paralysis, and Ca ++ - and PZQ-dependent disruption of parasitic teguments. Under normal conditions, there is a reversible balance between bilayer, isotropic, and HII phases in biological membranes (Jouhet 2013 ). In vitro, we could observe an irreversible but not stereoselective transition to the HII phase in liposomes consisting of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS), two naturally occurring phospholipids in schistosomes, by the concerted action of Ca ++ and PZQ (Harder 2013 ). HII structures are a prerequisite for induction of fusion processes (Jouhet 2013 ), which, indeed, become visible as blebs, vacuolation processes, and large balloon-like surface exudates in a large variety of PZQ-sensitive parasitic flukes and cestodes after PZQ treatment. These tegument damages are irreversible. As homologs of Sm.TRPM PZQ are also present in the other trematodes S. japonicum , S. haematobium , or Clonorchis sinensis and cestodes Taenia solium , Echinococcus multilocularis , or Hymenolepis microstoma (Park and Marchant, Trends Parasitol 36:182–194, 2020 ), it is suggested that a similar deadly cascade will be operating generally in PZQ-sensitive parasites.

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Activation of transient receptor potential channel Sm.(Schistosoma mansoni)TRPMPZQ by PZQ, enhanced Ca++ influx, spastic paralysis, and tegumental disrupture—the deadly cascade in parasitic schistosomes, other trematodes, and cestodes

Harder

2020

Parasitol Res

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Praziquantel

Cited by 1 publication

References 24 publications

Activation of transient receptor potential channel Sm.(Schistosoma mansoni)TRPMPZQ by PZQ, enhanced Ca++ influx, spastic paralysis, and tegumental disrupture—the deadly cascade in parasitic schistosomes, other trematodes, and cestodes

Activation of transient receptor potential channel Sm.(Schistosoma mansoni)TRPMPZQ by PZQ, enhanced Ca++ influx, spastic paralysis, and tegumental disrupture—the deadly cascade in parasitic schistosomes, other trematodes, and cestodes

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