‘Pre-activity movement control exercise programme to prevent injuries in youth rugby’: some concerns

Aj, White; Batten, John; Kirkwood, Graham; Anderson, Eric; Pollock, Allyson M

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099051

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Given the current evidence, and until further effective interventions become evident, NMT programmes appear to be the most efficacious approach to injury prevention in youth rugby and should be considered as the standard of practice. However, as stated by Hislop et al [ 30 ], efficacy trials in controlled conditions, such as their study, alone are insufficient to assume the real-world effectiveness of this intervention and, as such, further evaluation and adaptation of the programme, particularly in the female game, is required [ 15 , 77 ]. Importantly though, early studies re-assessing the effectiveness of this intervention appear to be promising, when completed three times per week as prescribed [ 78 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury Rates, Mechanisms, Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies in Youth Rugby Union: What’s All the Ruck-Us About? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Background Rugby Union is a collision team sport played globally. Despite this, significant concerns have been raised regarding the sport’s safety, particularly in youth players. Given this, a review of injury rates, risk factors and prevention strategies is required across different youth age groups as well as in males and females. Objective The objective of this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis was to investigate injury and concussion rates, risk factors and primary prevention strategies in youth rugby. Methods To be included, studies were required to report either rates, risk factors or prevention strategies in youth rugby and to have a randomised controlled trial, quasi-experimental, cohort, case control, or ecological study design. Exclusion criteria included non-peer-reviewed grey literature, conference abstracts, case studies, previous systematic reviews and studies not written in English. Nine databases were searched. The full search strategy and list of sources are available and pre-registered on PROSPERO (Ref: CRD42020208343). Each study was assessed for risk of bias using the Downs and Black quality assessment tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using a DerSimonian Laird random effect model for each age group and sex. Results Sixty-nine studies were included in this SR. The match injury rates (using a 24-h time-loss definition) were 40.2/1000 match hours (95% CI 13.9–66.5) in males and 69.0/1000 match hours (95% CI 46.8–91.2) in females. Concussion rates were 6.2/1000 player-hours (95% CI 5.0–7.4) for males and 33.9/1000 player-hours (95% CI: 24.1–43.7) for females. The most common injury site was lower extremity (males) and the head/neck (females). The most common injury type was ligament sprain (males) and concussion (females). The tackle was the most common event associated with injury in matches (55% male, 71% females). Median time loss was 21 days for males and 17 days for females. Twenty-three risk factors were reported. The risk factors with the strongest evidence were higher levels of play and increasing age. Primary injury prevention strategies were the focus of only eight studies and included law changes (n = 2), equipment (n = 4), education (n = 1) and training (n = 1). The prevention strategy with the most promising evidence was neuromuscular training. The primary limitations included a broad range of injury definitions (n = 9) and rate denominators (n = 11) used, as well as a limited number of studies which could be included in the meta-analysis for females (n = 2). Conclusion A focus on high-quality risk factor and primary prevention evaluation should be considered in future studies. Targeting primary prevention and stakeholder education remain key strategies in the prevention, recognition and management of injuries and concussions in youth rugby.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury Rates, Mechanisms, Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies in Youth Rugby Union: What’s All the Ruck-Us About? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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“…Two impactful studies reported a substantial reduction in concussion incidence as a result of pre-participation whole body exercises [48,53]. There are some limitations to these studies which have attracted criticism [58].…”

Section: Whole-body Pre-activity Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Conditioning Strategies for the Prevention of Concussion in Sport: a Scoping Review

2021

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Background Concussion in sports has received a great deal of media attention and may result in short and longer-lasting symptoms, especially in adolescents. Although significant strides have been made in the identification and management of concussion, less is known about the primary prevention of this condition. The aims of this scoping review are to (1) summarize the current research of physical conditioning strategies to reduce or prevent concussion incidence in individuals participating in sport, especially adolescents, and (2) to identify gaps in the knowledge base. Our research question was what is known from the existing literature about physical preparation strategies to reduce or prevent concussion in adult and adolescent sports? Methods Three literature searches were conducted by information officers at two universities at six-month intervals, using five electronic databases (PubMed; WorldCat.org; Mendeley; EBSCOHost and Ovid MEDLINE). To increase the search range, subject experts were consulted and articles and reference lists were hand searched. A scoping review methodology identified eligible studies that analyzed physical preparation techniques on modifiable physical risk factors in athletes to reduce the incidence of concussion. The PRISMA-ScR checklist guided the reporting of the findings. Results A total of 1414 possible articles were identified, after duplicates removed, and articles analyzed against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 9 articles qualified for analysis. Two articles were found from studying reference lists. Thus, a total of 11 articles were included in the final evaluation for the purposes of this study. Data are reported from mostly adolescent subjects participating in nine different sports from three countries. Findings are presented with specific reference to previously recognized modifiable risk factors of concussion which include neck strength, neck size, cervical stiffness, type of sport, and pre-activity exercises. Conclusions There is limited research examining the physical preparation of athletes, especially in adolescents, to reduce or prevent concussion, and conflicting evidence in the few small sample studies that were identified. This scoping review identifies the research gap for a potentially vital modifiable risk factor, notably in the physical preparation of children and adolescents to reduce or prevent sports-related concussion.

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“…Adam John White , 1,2 Joe Piggin , 3 John Batten, 4 Gary Turner, 5 Alan Pearce, 6 Rachael Bullingham, 7 Eric Anderson 8…”

Section: Ethics and Injury Risk In World Rugby And England Rugby Tackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerns about concussion in contact sport have permeated debate within sports medicine. [1][2][3][4] Considerable scientific attention has been focussed on the short-term and long-term outcomes of concussions, as well as the strategies to reduce the risk of traumatic brain injury. The practicalities and impact of altering rules (laws) in sport-including the evaluation of outcomes-are often considered.…”

Section: Concussion In Rugbymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethics and injury risk in World Rugby and England Rugby tackle-height trial

Piggin

Batten

et al. 2020

Br J Sports Med

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‘Pre-activity movement control exercise programme to prevent injuries in youth rugby’: some concerns

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Injury Rates, Mechanisms, Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies in Youth Rugby Union: What’s All the Ruck-Us About? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Injury Rates, Mechanisms, Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies in Youth Rugby Union: What’s All the Ruck-Us About? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Physical Conditioning Strategies for the Prevention of Concussion in Sport: a Scoping Review

Ethics and injury risk in World Rugby and England Rugby tackle-height trial

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