Pre- and post-disaster negative life events in relation to the incidence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder

Maes, Michaël; Mylle, Jacques; Delmeire, Laure; Janca, Alexander

doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(01)00325-0

Cited by 79 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with previous studies that showed a positive connection between the level of objective and subjective combat stress and CSR (e.g., Maes et al, 2001). Furthermore, CSR is more strongly predicted by war exposure than by prewar life events.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…When examining stressful life events throughout the life cycle, one must take into account not only the type and timing of the event, but also the number of events experienced by the survivor. Although some studies revealed a positive connection between the number of life events and posttraumatic distress (e.g., Maes, Mylle, Delmeire, & Janca, 2001), others have failed to find such a connection (e.g., McTeague, McNally, & Litz, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The contribution of stressful life events throughout the life cycle to combat‐induced psychopathology

Solomon

Zur-Noah

Horesh

et al. 2008

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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This study examines the contribution of prewar life events, war exposure, and postwar life events to combat-induced psychopathology among 425 Israeli War veterans from the Lebanon War. Data was collected at two time points (1983 and 2002). The sample included veterans with and without combat stress reaction (CSR). Battle intensity and subjective experience of risk in war were associated with CSR. Negative childhood life events, CSR, PTSD in 1983 and postwar negative life events were associated with PTSD in 2002. Furthermore, a path analysis revealed that CSR mediated the relation between battle intensity and PTSD in 2002. Our findings suggest that stressful life events throughout the life cycle contribute significantly to veterans' posttraumatic symptomatology, above and beyond combat exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of stressful life events throughout the life cycle to combat‐induced psychopathology

Solomon

Zur-Noah

Horesh

et al. 2008

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…3 Posttrauma life stressors occurring within 6 to 9 months following a traumatic event has also been associated with greater PTSD symptom severity. 37 Moreover, lack of social support has been found to be one of the strongest predictors of PTSD maintenance, particularly in patients who have suffered from PTSD for more than 3 years. 10 To date, our meta-analysis constitutes the largest quantitative review examining the relation between peritraumatic distress and PTSD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritraumatic Distress and the Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

2012

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Objective: To examine how peritraumatic distress modulates the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the timing of the PTSD symptom assessments. Method:A systematic literature review of English-and French-language studies having administered the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) was conducted. Meta-analyses were performed on correlations relating PDI and PTSD symptom scores obtained from the sampled studies. The meta-analyses, which included calculations of regression slopes, took into consideration the time at which PTSD symptoms were assessed following the traumatic event and the timing of the PDI assessment. Results:The literature review yielded a total of 22 studies. The meta-analysis performed over all studies resulted in a pooled correlation coefficient of 0.55 between the PDI and PTSD symptom scores. Meta-regression analyses conducted over all data revealed no apparent decrease in the correlations according to the timing of the PTSD symptom assessments. However, there were numerical or statistically significant declines in regression slopes when the meta-regressions were separately conducted on studies having administered the PDI either within, or following, a 1-month period after a traumatic event.Conclusions: While PDI or PTSD symptom score correlations remain generally significant, they tend to decline as time elapses between the traumatic event and the PTSD assessment. This suggests there may be factors other than peritraumatic distress that increasingly account for the long-term trajectory PTSD symptoms. W W WObjectif : Examiner comment la détresse péritraumatique module la gravité du trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) selon le choix du moment des évaluations des symptômes du TSPT.Méthode : Une revue systématique de la littérature des études en anglais et en français qui ont administré l'inventaire de détresse péritraumatique (PDI) a été menée. Des méta-analyses ont été exécutées sur les corrélations relatives aux scores de symptômes du PDI et du TSPT obtenus des études échantillonnées. Les méta-analyses, qui comportaient des calculs de pentes des droites de régression, ont pris en considération le moment où les symptômes de TSPT ont été évalués suivant l'événement traumatique et le choix du moment de l'évaluation du PDI.Résultats : La revue de la littérature a produit un total de 22 études. Les méta-analyses effectuées sur toutes les études ont donné un coefficient de corrélation combiné de 0,55 entre les scores de symptômes du PDI et du TSPT. Les analyses de méta-régression menées sur toutes les données n'ont révélé aucune diminution apparente des corrélations selon le choix du moment des évaluations des symptômes du TSPT. Cependant, il y a eu des baisses numériques ou statistiquement significatives des pentes de droites de régression lorsque les méta-régressions ont été menées séparément sur les études qui ont administré le PDI, soit pendant ou suivant une période d'un mois après l'événement traumatique. Conclusions :Bien que les corrélations des scores de sympt...

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“…The principal risk factors for PTSD can be considered as being of three types [9]; first, pre-traumatic factors such as female gender or previous psychiatric history [9,21]; second, peri-traumatic factors which concern the degree and nature of exposure to the event; third, post-traumatic factors related to lack of social support, difficulty to access social resources or occupational consequences [31]. The mental health of persons involved can be affected by the impact of the disaster on the workplace and on employment, yet few studies have been devoted to these consequences [19,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between impact on employment, working conditions, socio-occupational categories and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after the industrial disaster in Toulouse, France

Diène

Agrinier

Albessard³

et al. 2011

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Pre- and post-disaster negative life events in relation to the incidence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

The contribution of stressful life events throughout the life cycle to combat‐induced psychopathology

The contribution of stressful life events throughout the life cycle to combat‐induced psychopathology

Peritraumatic Distress and the Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

Relationships between impact on employment, working conditions, socio-occupational categories and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after the industrial disaster in Toulouse, France

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