Pre‐Emptive Epidural Ketamine or S(+)‐Ketamine in Post‐incisional Pain in Dogs: A Comparative Study

M, Juan Carlos Duque; Valadão, Carlos Augusto Araújo; Farias, Anderson; Almeida, Ricardo Miyasaka de; Oleskovicz, Nilson

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04052.x

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This isobolographic study demonstrated that ifenprodil potentiates the antihyperalgesic effect of ketamine, in rats. Based on that, in this present study we clinically demonstrated that ifenprodil (0.03 mg kg-1) was effective to significantly enhance the antihyperalgesic effect induced by the usual dose of ketamine (Duque et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Finally, inflammatory processes in peripheral tissues may facilitate the activation of NMDA receptors in the spinal cord (Stanfa et al, 1996). Interestingly, the findings of this study demonstrated that modulation of NMDA receptors by ifenprodil can improve the antihyperalgesic action of a known effective dose of ketamine (Duque et al, 2004). The analgesic effects of ketamine appear to occur by the blockade of NMDA receptors when the coupled ion channel is closed (Orser et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…High doses of NMDA receptor antagonists have been reported to cause motor impairment (Boyce et al, 1999;Duque et al, 2004) however subanesthetic doses were administered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sedation score (SS; Table 1), lameness score (LS; Table 2) (Duque et al, 2004) , heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f R ), and mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) were evaluated before anesthesia and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after subarachnoid injection. Heart rate and fR were determined by thoracic auscultation with stethoscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subarachnoid injection of ifenprodil and ketamine association improves the anti-hyperalgesic action of ketamine in dogs

Rondon

Valadão

Parada

2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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To test clinically whether a small dose of ifenprodil can enhance the anti-hyperalgesic effect of ketamine in dogs, a prospective randomized cross-over study was done with eight mongrel dogs (weighing 16.9 ± 3.7kg). Animals received two distinct treatments: ketamine (0.3mg kg-1; KT) and an ifenprodil plus ketamine combination (0.03mg kg -1 and 0.3mg kg -1 , respectively; IKT). Dogs were anesthetized with propofol (5mg kg -1 intravenously) and a subarachnoid needle was placed between the 5 th and 6 th lumbar vertebrae. Five minutes after subarachnoid injection of KT or IKT, an incision including cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues was made on the common pad of one hind limb and was immediately closed with a simple interrupted suture pattern. The dogs were treated again 20 days later, using the contralateral pad and the opposite treatment. Sedation score (SS), lameness score (LS), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f R ), and mechanical nociceptive threshold using von Frey filaments, were evaluated before anesthesia and at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after subarachnoid injection. There were no differences in SS, LS, HR or f R between treatments. The intensity of hyperalgesia was higher in KT than in IKT for 24 hours. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of IKT remained without statistical significant difference between 1 and 24 h. Prior subarachnoid administration of ifenprodil enhances the anti-hyperalgesic effect of subarachnoid ketamine in dogs. Ifenprodil can be co-administrated with ketamine to enhance its antihyperalgesic effect and to reduce acute post-incisional hyperalgesia without motor impairment and sedation.Keywords: analgesia, inflammatory pain, NMDA, pain, subarachnoid RESUMO Com a finalidade de testar se uma dose baixa de ifenprodil pode melhorar a ação anti-hiperalgésica da cetamina em cães, um estudo randomizado prospectivo no formato cross-over foi realizado em oito cães sem raça definida (pesando 16,9±3.7kg). Os animais receberam dois tratamentos distintos: cetamina (0,3mg kg-1; KT) e a associação de ifenprodil com cetamina (0,03mg kg-1 e 0,3mg kg-1, respectivamente; IKT). Os cães foram anestesiados com propofol (5mg kg -1 , via intravenosa), e uma agulha subaracnoidea foi introduzida entre a quinta e sexta vértebras lombares. Após cinco minutos da injeção subaracnoidea de KT ou IKT, uma incisão abrangendo os tecidos cutâneo e subcutâneo foi realizada no coxim plantar comum de um dos membros pélvicos e imediatamente fechada com um padrão de sutura simples e interrompido. Os cães foram novamente tratados após 20 dias, usando-se o coxim plantar contralateral e o outro tratamento. Os escores de sedação (SS) e claudicação (LS); as frequências cardíacas (HR) e respiratória (f R)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…High doses of NMDA receptor antagonists have been reported to cause motor impairment (Boyce et al, 1999;Duque et al, 2004) however subanesthetic doses were administered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Subarachnoid injection of ifenprodil and ketamine association improves the anti-hyperalgesic action of ketamine in dogs

Rondon

Valadão

Parada

2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…Similar results were described by Sano et al (2010), who reported a significant decrease in CTT values after the use of morphine (0.2 mg/kg) for peribulbar block in dogs. Perhaps, the reduction of CTT in KET may be resulted by the antinociceptive and analgesics effects of ketamine as reported in different species (SEGURA et al, 1998;DUQUE et al, 2004) after epidural administration. Other authors observed similar results related to the peripheral and antinociceptive action of ketamine and morphine used alone or in combination (LILLESØ et al, 2000;KAPITZKE et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected ophthalmic and physiologic parameters in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) submitted to retrobulbar block with lidocaine, morphine or ketamine

Schaffer¹,

Silveira²,

Nunes³

et al. 2017

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of the present study was to evaluate selected ophthalmic and physiologic parameters in rabbits submitted to retrobulbar blockade with lidocaine, morphine or ketamine. Eighteen adult rabbits, seven males and eleven females, New Zealand White breed, weighing 3.9 ± 0.7 kg were randomly assigned to perform the retrobulbar block according to the groups: LID (2% lidocaine without a vasoconstrictor -7 mg kg -1 ); MOR (1% morphine -1 mg kg -1 ) or KET (10% Ketamine -5 mg kg -1 ). Ophthalmic and physiologic parameters were assessed, including lacrimal production using Schirmer tear test (STT), corneal touch threshold (CTT), pupillary diameter, intraocular pressure (IOP), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO 2 ), rectal temperature (RT) and systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures (SAP, MAP and DAP) and were evaluated every 10 minutes for 70 minutes. All drugs used in the present study promoted central positioning of the eyeball for up to one minute later the retrobulbar administration in all cases. There was a significant increase of STT values in MOR and LID, when compared to baseline, while the CTT values had a significant decrease in all groups. KET kept the IOP values unaltered at the time points and there was a significant decrease of pupillary diameter in MOR. There was no significant change in PR, RR and SpO 2 ; however, LID presented significantly lower values of SAP. MOR had increased values for RT when compared to the other two groups. The established parameters may help in ophthalmic procedures using retrobulbar nerve blocks.

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Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia

Otero¹,

Campoy²

2013

Small Animal Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia

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Pre‐Emptive Epidural Ketamine or S(+)‐Ketamine in Post‐incisional Pain in Dogs: A Comparative Study

Abstract: Although anesthetic and analgesic potency of S(+) ketamine is twice that of ketamine, the racemic form is seemingly better for post-incisional hyperalgesia.

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Subarachnoid injection of ifenprodil and ketamine association improves the anti-hyperalgesic action of ketamine in dogs

Subarachnoid injection of ifenprodil and ketamine association improves the anti-hyperalgesic action of ketamine in dogs

Selected ophthalmic and physiologic parameters in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) submitted to retrobulbar block with lidocaine, morphine or ketamine

Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia

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