Pre-Impact Detection Algorithm to Identify Tripping Events Using Wearable Sensors

Aprigliano, Federica; Micera, Silvestro; Monaco, Vito

doi:10.3390/s19173713

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Table 4 shows the methods applied to induce trip-like perturbations during treadmill walking. Four studies involved young adults [ 41 , 42 , 63 , 64 ] and one study included middle-aged adults [ 65 ]. Study [ 66 ] enrolled young, middle-aged, and older adults.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining study used an external device to unexpectedly place a tripping board to perturb subjects’ locomotion. All of these studies provoked trip-induced LOBs in the forward direction [ 41 , 42 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems unexpectedly apply resistance to the subject’s gait and inhibit the foot from going forward, emulating a trip event. In regular walking without perturbations, these systems accompany subject’s walking without hindering it [ 64 , 65 ]. König et al [ 65 ] applied resistance to the right foot during the swing phase via an ankle strap which was pulled through the brake-and-release system with a Teflon cable [ 71 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provoking Artificial Slips and Trips towards Perturbation-Based Balance Training: A Narrative Review

Ferreira

Ribeiro

Figueiredo

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Humans’ balance recovery responses to gait perturbations are negatively impacted with ageing. Slip and trip events, the main causes preceding falls during walking, are likely to produce severe injuries in older adults. While traditional exercise-based interventions produce inconsistent results in reducing patients’ fall rates, perturbation-based balance training (PBT) emerges as a promising task-specific solution towards fall prevention. PBT improves patients’ reactive stability and fall-resisting skills through the delivery of unexpected balance perturbations. The adopted perturbation conditions play an important role towards PBT’s effectiveness and the acquisition of meaningful sensor data for studying human biomechanical reactions to loss of balance (LOB) events. Hence, this narrative review aims to survey the different methods employed in the scientific literature to provoke artificial slips and trips in healthy adults during treadmill and overground walking. For each type of perturbation, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to identify trends regarding the most adopted perturbation methods, gait phase perturbed, gait speed, perturbed leg, and sensor systems used for data collection. The reliable application of artificial perturbations to mimic real-life LOB events may reduce the gap between laboratory and real-life falls and potentially lead to fall-rate reduction among the elderly community.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Provoking Artificial Slips and Trips towards Perturbation-Based Balance Training: A Narrative Review

Ferreira

Ribeiro

Figueiredo

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The experimental setup consisted of a treadmill equipped with a mechatronic platform, hosting two nylon ropes connecting both feet with its main frame through a couple of compliant springs (Figure 1) [9,13]. The rope connecting the right foot ran through a cam-based braking mechanism and could be stopped to interrupt the forward movement of the right foot during the mid-swing phase, thus emulating a trip.…”

Section: Participants Experimental Setup and Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of the Repeated Exposure to Trip-like Perturbations on Inter-Segment Coordination during Walking: An UCM Analysis

2021

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The minimum toe clearance (MTC) results from the coordination of all bilateral lower limb body segments, i.e., a redundant kinematic chain. We tested the hypothesis that repeated exposure to trip-like perturbations induces a more effective covariation of limb segments during steady walking, in accordance with the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) theory, to minimize the MTC across strides. Twelve healthy young adults (mean age 26.2 ± 3.3 years) were enrolled. The experimental protocol consisted of three identical trials, each involving three phases carried outin succession: steady walking (baseline), managing trip-like perturbations, and steady walking (post-perturbation). Lower limb kinematics collected during both steady walking phases wereanalyzed in the framework of the UCM theory to test the hypothesis that the reduced MTC variability following the perturbation can occur, in conjunction with more effective organization of the redundant lower limb segments. Results revealed that, after the perturbation, the synergy underlying lower limb coordination becomes stronger. Accordingly, the short-term effects of the repeated exposure to perturbations modify the organization of the redundant lower limb-related movements. In addition, results confirm that the UCM theory is a promising tool for exploring the effectiveness of interventions aimed at purposely modifying motor behaviors.

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“…The use of inertial measurement units (IMUs) has become popular in all branches of human biomechanics, such as in sports [ 9 , 10 ], clinical applications [ 11 , 12 ], biomedical engineering [ 13 , 14 ], and virtual reality [ 15 , 16 ]. These sensors are typically composed of a multi-axial accelerometer and a multi-axial gyroscope; thus, they are sensitive to the linear acceleration and angular velocity of the body segment they are attached to.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Respiratory Activity by Using IMUs: Modeling and Validation

Monaco

Giustinoni

Ciapetti

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This study aimed to explore novel inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based strategies to estimate respiratory parameters in healthy adults lying on a bed while breathing normally. During the experimental sessions, the kinematics of the chest wall were contemporaneously collected through both a network of 9 IMUs and a set of 45 uniformly distributed reflective markers. All inertial kinematics were analyzed to identify a minimum set of signals and IMUs whose linear combination best matched the tidal volume measured by optoelectronic plethysmography. The resulting models were finally tuned and validated through a leave-one-out cross-validation approach to assess the extent to which they could accurately estimate a set of respiratory parameters related to three trunk compartments. The adopted methodological approach allowed us to identify two different models. The first, referred to as Model 1, relies on the 3D acceleration measured by three IMUs located on the abdominal compartment and on the lower costal margin. The second, referred to as Model 2, relies on only one component of the acceleration measured by two IMUs located on the abdominal compartment. Both models can accurately estimate the respiratory rate (relative error < 1.5%). Conversely, the duration of the respiratory phases and the tidal volume can be more accurately assessed by Model 2 (relative error < 5%) and Model 1 (relative error < 5%), respectively. We further discuss possible approaches to overcome limitations and improve the overall accuracy of the proposed approach.

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Pre-Impact Detection Algorithm to Identify Tripping Events Using Wearable Sensors

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Provoking Artificial Slips and Trips towards Perturbation-Based Balance Training: A Narrative Review

Provoking Artificial Slips and Trips towards Perturbation-Based Balance Training: A Narrative Review

Short-Term Effects of the Repeated Exposure to Trip-like Perturbations on Inter-Segment Coordination during Walking: An UCM Analysis

Assessing Respiratory Activity by Using IMUs: Modeling and Validation

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