Pre-Monsoon Rain and Its Relationship with Monsoon Onset over the Indochina Peninsula

Kiguchi, Masashi; Matsumoto, Jun; Kanae, Shinjiro; Oki, Taikan

doi:10.3389/feart.2016.00042

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This finding also revolutionizes the idea that the pre-summer rainfall over the Indochina Peninsula is not a localized phenomenon, but rather it is a synoptic-scale phenomenon. Kiguchi et al (2016) confirmed the passage of the upper trough using a longer data set from 1979 to 2002. They further noted that this upper trough is associated with the midlatitude cyclone over the Yangtze River basin and that the rainfall amount during the pre-summer monsoon period has no clear relationship with the onset timing of the summer monsoon over the Indochina Peninsula.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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A climatological study of the wet and dry conditions in the pre‐summer monsoon season of the Philippines

Olaguera

Matsumoto

2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study investigates the climatology of the wet and dry conditions in the presummer monsoon season of the Philippines that are less emphasized in previous works. Wet cases (Type W), which account for about 23% of the total presummer monsoon days from 1979 to 2015, are identified from April 1 to the monsoon onset defined by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). The differences between the Type W and dry cases (Type D) are presented. The synoptic conditions associated with the Type W and Type D cases are sub-divided into two sub-types based on the wind conditions, the (a) westerly winds at 925 hPa (WINDS 925hPa ) intrusion over Luzon Island (120 -122.5 E, 12.5 -22 N) (Type W W and Type D W ), and (b) enhanced easterly WINDS 925hPa (Type W E and Type D E ). The Type W E (Type W W ) cases account for about 63.9% (36.1%) of the total Type W cases,

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In general, there are 2,103 days during the pre-summer monsoon period based on the aforementioned conditions. We used the 240 WÁm −2 as the threshold for OLR in depicting the active convection following Kiguchi et al (2016). Values below (above or equal to) this threshold indicates enhanced (suppressed) convection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A climatological study of the wet and dry conditions in the pre‐summer monsoon season of the Philippines

Olaguera

Matsumoto

2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…As noted previously in Matsumoto (1997) for the rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula, sometimes earlier rainy season onset can be recognized in the Asian monsoon region. As for the rainfall increase in the Indochina Peninsula, Kiguchi and Matsumoto (2005) and Kiguchi et al (2016) attributed to the influence of mid-latitude westerly trough to the occurrence of rainfall before the monsoon circulation onset. On the other hand, Akasaka (2010) and Akasaka et al (2007Akasaka et al ( , 2018, and Moron et al (2009) did not present such discrepancy between the rainy season onset and monsoonal wind changes.…”

Section: Spatial Contrasting Features Of Rainfall and Low-level Cirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatological seasonal changes of wind and rainfall in the Philippines

Matsumoto

Olaguera

Nguyen-Le

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Climatological seasonal changes of rainfall and lower tropospheric circulation in and around the Philippines are analysed by utilizing the TRMM 3B42 to obtain the 5‐day mean rainfall and ERA‐Interim wind data for the period 1998–2013. In particular, climatological onset and withdrawal processes of the southwest (SW) and northeast (NE) monsoon are investigated. It is found that the onset of the SW monsoon occurs abruptly in mid‐May almost simultaneously over the Philippines except in the southern region. The start of the SW monsoon in the Philippines occurs earlier in the north than in the south. In addition, a climatological increase in rainfall on the west coast precedes the SW monsoon arrival by approximately two pentads, due to tropical cyclone influences in some years. After the SW monsoon onset, the monsoon trough is located over the southern Philippines. In mid‐June, the monsoon trough begins to deepen, and migrates northward to the central Philippines, and easterly winds intrude shortly to the northern Philippines. Then, the entire Philippines is covered by the summer monsoon westerly in early July, which is followed by the rainfall peak over the west coast region occurring in early August. The SW monsoon begins to retreat from the north in mid‐September, and fully retreats from the Philippines rather suddenly in late September. In general, the rainfall amount in the west coastal region remains high for approximately 2 months after this wind reversal, showing relatively larger post monsoon rainfall due mainly to tropical cyclone effects. During the NE monsoon season, the rainfall centre in the east coast is located in the northern and central region until mid‐December. Afterwards it is anchored in the southern region from late December to mid‐March, indicating the fully established NE monsoon season.

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“…Kiguchi and Matsumoto (2005) and Kiguchi et al (2016) showed that the passage of the synoptic-scale eastward-moving trough produced the intermittent rainfall in Thailand during the pre-monsoon season. Yokoi et al (2007) showed the predominance of intra-seasonal variations in rainfall over the Indochina Peninsula during the summer monsoon season.…”

Section: Intra-seasonal Variability and Synoptic-scale Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal pattern of rainfall in Cambodia: its regional characteristics and local circulation

Tsujimoto

Ohta²,

Aida

et al. 2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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We analyze the hourly rainfall data of 30 rain gauges in Cambodia from 2010 to 2015 to focus on the diurnal pattern of rainfall and its regional characteristics, with the underlying mechanisms inferred from the observed data. The observed annual rainfall in inland Cambodia ranges from 1087 to 1528 mm on station-average. Approximately 5-20% of the annual rainfall occurs during the pre-monsoon season, 50-78% during the summer monsoon season, and 12-36% during the post-monsoon season. During the pre-monsoon season, rainfall is dominant on the coast and over the Cardamom Mountains, with a maximum in the afternoon. The rainfall amount is smaller around the Tonle Sap Lake. During the summer monsoon season, rainfall is larger in the northern region and smaller in the western region in inland Cambodia, in both amount and proportion to annual rainfall. The rainfall amount on the coast is distinctively large. The diurnal rainfall maximum occurs in the early afternoon in the Cardamom Mountains, in the afternoon on the plain at the southwestern side of the Tonle Sap Lake, in the evening on the wide area of the northeastern side of the lake, and in the early morning on the coast. The clear regional characteristics in the diurnal rainfall pattern suggest significant effects of local features, even during the Asian summer monsoon season. During the post-monsoon season, rainfall is larger on the southwestern side of the Tonle Sap Lake with dominant nocturnal rainfall. These diurnal patterns are, however, not clear on some days, and analysis of the synoptic-scale atmospheric condition suggests the effect of the large-scale low-pressure system and disturbances on the appearance of the clear diurnal rainfall pattern. The effect of land-lake and mountain-valley circulations on forming the diurnal rainfall pattern is also implied from ground-observed meteorological data, although further numerical studies are required to examine the detailed mechanisms. The study of local effects on rainfall with consideration of the landsurface dynamics may aid flood and drought management in Cambodia by facilitating a greater understanding of its rainfall pattern.

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Pre-Monsoon Rain and Its Relationship with Monsoon Onset over the Indochina Peninsula

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

A climatological study of the wet and dry conditions in the pre‐summer monsoon season of the Philippines

A climatological study of the wet and dry conditions in the pre‐summer monsoon season of the Philippines

Climatological seasonal changes of wind and rainfall in the Philippines

Diurnal pattern of rainfall in Cambodia: its regional characteristics and local circulation

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