Pre‐pregnancy body mass index, height and physical activity are associated with rate of gestational weight gain among Malaysian mothers

Yong, Heng Yaw; Shariff, Zalilah Mohd; Koo, Shi Jia; Sa'ari, Norul Syurafak Binti

doi:10.1111/jog.13039

Cited by 13 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the current study, women with a slow initial GWG but a later drastic GWG (group 1) were considered as having . Previous studies have also shown that overweight women were at higher risk for excessive GWG (23,32,33) . It is plausible that mothers who were less educated have poor knowledge of GWG recommendations, consequences of having inappropriate GWG, as well as strategies to achieve healthy weight gain in pregnancy (34,35) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

Yong

Shariff

Appannah

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectory and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes. Design: GWG trajectories were identified using the latent class growth model. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and these trajectories. Setting: Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Participants: Two thousand one hundred ninety-three pregnant women. Results: Three GWG trajectories were identified: ‘Group 1 – slow initial GWG but followed by drastic GWG’, ‘Group 2 – maintaining rate of GWG at 0·58 kg/week’ and ‘Group 3 – maintaining rate of GWG at 0·38 kg/week’. Group 1 had higher risk of postpartum weight retention (PWR) (adjusted OR (AOR) 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04), caesarean delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04) and having low birth weight (AOR 1·04, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·05) compared with group 3. Group 2 was at higher risk of PWR (AOR 1·18, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·21), preterm delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·05) and caesarean delivery (AOR 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·03), but at lower risk of having small-for-gestational-age infants (AOR 0·97, 95 % CI 0·96, 0·99) compared with group 3. The significant associations between group 1 and PWR were observed among non-overweight/obese women; between group 1 and caesarean delivery among overweight/obese women; group 2 with preterm delivery and caesarean delivery were only found among overweight/obese women. Conclusions: Higher GWG as well as increasing GWG trajectories was associated with higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Promoting GWG within the recommended range should be emphasised in antenatal care to prevent the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…both trimesters, whereas obese women had lower rate of GWG in second trimester than in third trimester (7) .…”

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confidence: 86%

Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

Yong

Shariff

Appannah

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Nevertheless, most studies showed that overweight or obese women tend to gain above the recommended range, while underweight women were more likely to have inadequate GWG [2,3]. Previous studies in Malaysia have shown that more than one-third of pregnant women were overweight or obese, and more than half of these women had excessive GWG [4,5]. It is well-documented that excessive GWG is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Pregnancy BMI Influences the Association of Dietary Quality and Gestational Weight Gain: The SECOST Study

Yong

Shariff

Yusof

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Poor diet quality in pregnancy could impact gestational weight gain (GWG) and consequently fetal growth and development. But today there is limited data available on gestational diet quality. This study investigated the association between diet quality in each pregnancy trimester and GWG in Malaysian women. Diet quality was assessed using the modified Healthy Eating Index for Malaysians (HEI). Total GWG was defined as the difference between measured weight at last prenatal visit and pre-pregnancy weight. About one-fourth of women (23.3%) had excessive total GWG. There were significant differences in the HEI component score across trimesters, except for fruits. Overall, overweight/obese women had lower total HEI score (51.49–55.40) during pregnancy compared to non-overweight/obese women (53.38–56.50). For non-overweight/obese women, higher total HEI scores in the second and third trimesters were significantly associated with lower risk of inadequate GWG (aOR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95–0.99, p = 0.01) and higher risk of excessive GWG (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.07, p = 0.03), respectively. Overweight/obese women with higher total HEI scores in the second (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.07, p = 0.02) and third trimester (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.08, p = 0.02) were significantly at higher risk for excessive GWG. Pregnant women had relatively low diet quality throughout pregnancy. Diet quality and GWG association differed according to pre-pregnancy BMI with excessive GWG more likely to be associated with higher total HEI scores in the third trimester.

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“…De-Graft Aikins [52] stated that Ghanaian women reported increased appetite during pregnancy and reported a craving for starch and protein rich foods [52]. In addition, many pregnant women believe that the consumption of high protein foods, such as meat, cheese, and milk, is important for infant growth and development [53]. Based on current knowledge, excessively low protein intake during pregnancy is associated with negative effects in terms of weight and length at birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between the dietary patterns of pregnant Malaysian women and ethnicity, education, and early pregnancy waist circumference: A prospective cohort study

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Little is known about the dietary patterns (DPs) of women during pregnancy. The present study aimed to identify the DPs of pregnant Malaysian women and their associations with socio-demographic, obstetric, and anthropometric characteristics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study included 737 participants enrolled in Seremban Cohort Study between 2013 and 2015. Food consumption was assessed using a validated 126-food item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) at four time-points, namely, pre-pregnancy and at each trimester (first, second, and third). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify DPs. RESULTS Three DPs were identified at each time point and designated DP 1–3 (pre-pregnancy), DP 4–6 (first trimester), DP 7–9 (second trimester) and DP 10–12 (third trimester). DP 1, 4, and 7 appeared to be more prudent diets, characterized by higher intakes of nuts, seeds & legumes, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, eggs, fruits, and milk & dairy products. DP 2, 5, 8, and 11 had greater loadings of condiments & spices, sugar, spreads & creamer, though DP 2 had additional sweet foods, DP 5 and 8 had additional oils & fats, and DP 11 had additional tea & coffee, respectively. DP 3 and 6 were characterized by high protein (poultry, meat, processed, dairy, eggs, and fish), sugars (mainly as beverages and sweet foods), and energy (bread, cereal & cereal products, rice, noodles & pasta) intakes. DP 9 had additional fruits. However, DP 12 had greater loadings of energy foods (bread, cereal & cereal products, rice, noodles & pasta), sugars (mainly as beverages, and sweet foods), and good protein sources (eggs, nuts, seeds & legumes). Malays were more likely to have lower adherence (LA) for DP 1 and 10 than non-Malays. DP 2, 8, and 11 were more prevalent among Malays than non-Malays. Women with a higher education were more likely to have LA for DP 10, and women with a greater waist circumference at first prenatal visit were more likely to show LA for DP 11. CONCLUSIONS DPs observed in the present study were substantially different from those reported in Western populations. Information concerning associations between ethnicity, waist circumference and education with specific DPs before and throughout pregnancy could facilitate efforts to promote healthy dietary behavior and the overall health and well-being of pregnant women.

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Pre‐pregnancy body mass index, height and physical activity are associated with rate of gestational weight gain among Malaysian mothers

Abstract: Both inadequate and excessive GWG can have detrimental effects on the health of mothers and infants. Pre-pregnancy BMI, height and physical activity should be emphasized in prenatal care to ensure that women have adequate GWG rate.

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

Pre-Pregnancy BMI Influences the Association of Dietary Quality and Gestational Weight Gain: The SECOST Study

Associations between the dietary patterns of pregnant Malaysian women and ethnicity, education, and early pregnancy waist circumference: A prospective cohort study

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