Pre-SARS-CoV-2 Human Sera Reacts with Peptides from All the 7 Human Coronaviruses: Peptide Microarray IgM and IgG Screening

Ashworth, Jordan; Mathie, Dayna; Scott, Fiona; Mahendran, Yuvaraj; Woolhouse, Mark E. J.; Stoevesandt, Oda; Mduluza, Takafira; Francisca, Mutapi

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4010886

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting that cross-reactivity with other circulating viruses or parasites in the African subcontinent might impact on SARS-CoV-2 serological surveys. 20 , 21 The extent of cross-reactivity is unclear; however it should be noted that the SARS-CoV-2 serological surveys carried out early in the pandemic typically reported low seroprevalence. The average seroprevalence from the six SARS-CoV-2 serosurveys carried out in sub-Saharan Africa between March 2020 and June 2020 was less than 3%, 3 suggesting that the impact of cross-reactivity on these surveys was limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence at urban and rural sites in Kaduna State, Nigeria, during October/November 2021, immediately prior to detection of the Omicron variant

Chechet

Kwaga

Yahaya

et al. 2022

International Journal of Epidemiology

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Background Nigeria is Africa’s most populated country. By November 2021 it had experienced three waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Peer-reviewed seroprevalence data assessing the proportion of the Nigerian population that have been infected were extremely limited. Methods We conducted a serosurvey in one urban site (n = 400) and one rural site (n = 402) in Kaduna State, Nigeria between 11 October 2021 and 8 November 2021. Z-tests were used to compare seroprevalence across age groups, locations and sexes. T tests were used to determine whether age or household size are associated with seropositivity. Associations between seropositivity and recent history of common Covid-19 symptoms were tested using logistic regression. Results SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 42.5% an 53.5% of participants at the urban and rural sites, respectively The overall age- and sex- stratified seroprevalence was 43.7% (42.2% for unvaccinated individuals). The data indicate an infection rate in Kaduna State ≥359-fold the rate derived from polymerase chain reaction-confirmed cases. In the urban site, seroprevalence among females and participants aged <20 was lower than other groups. Reporting loss of sense of taste and/or smell was strongly associated with seropositive status. Associations with seropositivity were also found for the reporting of dry cough, fever, headache, nausea and sore throat. Conclusions This study provides baseline SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Kaduna State, Nigeria, immediately prior to the spread of the Omicron variant. It indicates that in October/November 2021, approximately 56% of the population did not have detectable antibodies, and population subgroups with particularly low seroprevalence remain. It highlights limitations in using PCR-confirmed cases to estimate infection rates. The data will inform public health strategies in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African countries with limited SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%