Pre-treatment of AA6060 aluminium alloy for adhesive bonding

Lunder, Otto; Olsen, Bent; Nisancioḡl̄ū, Kemal

doi:10.1016/s0143-7496(01)00049-5

Cited by 106 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Another school of thought has it that though thinning of the oxide layer on aluminum does take place; a favorable anodic reaction is the reformation of aluminum oxide which allows for electron tunneling. These Mn (IV) species, at their established equilibrium constant, are deposited as probably hydrated oxide/hydroxides and may be contaminated with permanganate in the coating solution and aluminum species generated in equation (1). These species may as well be adsorbed and/or occluded within the developing coating.…”

Section: Coating Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To attain a long service life under demanding conditions, pre-treatment of the aluminum and its alloys before any fabrication of parts is an extremely important factor. The successful use of chromate conversion coating in the aluminum finishing industry in the last five decades demonstrated that superior strength can be acquired, even when the coated structure is exposed to corrosive environments [1]. However, several protocols in the last two decades have limited the use of carcinogens like volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the chromates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development and performance of hybrid coatings on aluminium alloy

Oki

Adediran

Olayinka

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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Section: Coating Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and performance of hybrid coatings on aluminium alloy

Oki

Adediran

Olayinka

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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“…The most important criterion in surface preparation for adhesive bonding is that the surface must be very clean and free of organic contaminants. An initial cleaning via solvent degreasing is helpful to remove certain contaminants; however, it is also important to remove the mechanically weak thin layer of natural surface oxide and to replace it with a new uniform oxide layer in order to achieve better strength [2], [6] and [7]. The pretreatment of aluminum surfaces for adhesive joining generally comprises a surface modification by removal of the native oxide layer, altering either the chemistry of the surface or its topography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple surface treatment and characterization of AA 6061 aluminum alloy surface for adhesive bonding applications

Noormohammed

Sarkar

Paynter

et al. 2012

Applied Surface Science

146

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Structural adhesive bonding of aluminum is widely used in aircraft and automotive industries. It has been widely noted that surface preparation of aluminum surfaces prior to adhesive bonding plays a significant role in improving the strength of the adhesive bond. Surface cleanliness, surface roughness, surface wettability and surface chemistry are controlled primarily by proper surface treatment methods. In this study, we have employed a very simple technique influencing all these criteria by simply immersing aluminum substrates in a very dilute solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and we have studied the effect of varying the treatment period on the adhesive bonding characteristics. A bi-component epoxy adhesive was used to join the treated surfaces and the bond strengths were evaluated via single lap shear (SLS) tests in pristine as well as degraded conditions. Surface morphology, chemistry, crystalline nature and wettability of the NaOH treated surfaces were characterized using various surface analytical tools such as scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), optical profilometry, infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and contact angle goniometry.Excellent adhesion characteristics with complete cohesive failure of the adhesive were encountered on the NaOH treated surfaces that are comparable to the benchmark treatments such as anodization, which involve use of strong acids and multiple steps of treatment procedures. The NaOH treatment reported in this work is a very simple method with the use of a very dilute solution with simple ultrasonication being sufficient to produce durable joints. Graphical AbstractHighlights A very simple surface treatment method to achieve excellent and durable aluminum adhesive bonding. Our method involves simple immersion of aluminum in very dilute NaOH solution at room temperature with no involvement of strong acids or multiple procedures. Surface analysis via various surface characterization techniques showed morphological and chemical modifications favorable for obtaining highly durable bond strengths on the treated surface. Safe, economical, reproducible and simple method, easily applicable in industries.

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“…Better control of tolerances is achievable with adhesives due to the inherent distortion that can occur from the heat induced in welding processes. Even with these advantages, interfacial de-bonding of the adhesives is still a major concern with their use and has vastly limited their performance [1] . Degradation of adhesive joints can be linked to the diffusion or ingress of water into the joint, promoting hydration of the metal surface oxides and a loss in adhesive strength [1] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even with these advantages, interfacial de-bonding of the adhesives is still a major concern with their use and has vastly limited their performance [1] . Degradation of adhesive joints can be linked to the diffusion or ingress of water into the joint, promoting hydration of the metal surface oxides and a loss in adhesive strength [1] . This effect is justifiably more pronounced in marine environments due to the highly humid and corrosive surroundings and to date there has been little or no use of adhesives in marine applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of embedded sensors for the monitoring of adhesive joints in marine environments

2005

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A copolymer incorporating polyaniline was used as a sensing medium in the construction of a resistance based humidity sensor. Aniline monomer was polymerised in the presence of poly (butyl acrylate / vinyl acetate) and a copolymer containing polyaniline emeraldine salt was obtained. The sensing medium was then developed by redissolving 1-2 w/w% of the resulting polymer residue in dichloromethane to produce a processable polymer blend solution. Some of this polymer residue was also de-doped in a solution of ammonia, and then washed with distilled water until the waste water had a neutral pH. This residue was then redissolved at 1-2 w/w% in dichloromethane to produce a second processable polymer blend this time containing polyaniline emeraldine base. The final sensor design utilised 125µm polyester insulated platinum wire as conducting electrodes that were dip coated in the emeraldine salt copolymer solution and allowed to dry in a desiccator. The sensor was then dip-coated in a protective barrier layer of the emeraldine base copolymer to prevent over-oxidation and/or de-protonation of the emeraldine salt sensing medium under this coating. The sensors had an overall final thickness of less than 150µm and showed high sensitivity to humidity, low resistance, and good reversibility without hysteresis. Sensors were monitored for 2-probe resistance changes when in contact with water. Calibration curves for each sensor were produced to convert the resistance reading to mass uptake of water. Individual sensors were embedded within Aluminium 5083 / Araldite 2015 adhesive joints to monitor mass uptake of water when exposed to marine environments. Correlations between mass uptake of water and joint strength were made. There are various advantages of such a sensor design. Polymer based thin film humidity sensors have the advantage that the high processability of the material allows for simple fabrication of a range of geometries including smaller sensor designs. The ease of processing gives a low cost sensor, whilst the small size and good mechanical properties gives a robust sensor which has the flexibility to be able to be used in applications where dynamic stresses and strains are encountered. Such sensors may find uses in a number of areas including electronic textiles, food/ electronics packaging and corrosion detection.

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Pre-treatment of AA6060 aluminium alloy for adhesive bonding

Cited by 106 publications

References 10 publications

Development and performance of hybrid coatings on aluminium alloy

Development and performance of hybrid coatings on aluminium alloy

A simple surface treatment and characterization of AA 6061 aluminum alloy surface for adhesive bonding applications

The use of embedded sensors for the monitoring of adhesive joints in marine environments

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