Pre‐Zika descriptive epidemiology of microcephaly in Texas, 2008–2012

Hoyt, Adrienne T.; Canfield, Mark A.; Langlois, Peter H.; Waller, D. Kim; Agopian, A. J.; Shumate, Charles; Hall, Noémi B.; Marengo, Lisa; Ethen, Mary K.; Scheuerle, Angela E.

doi:10.1002/bdr2.1164

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(53 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The prevalence of 4.0 cases of congenital microcephaly per 10,000 live births observed in this study is lower than rates of 5.5, 8.7, and 14.7 cases per 10,000 births reported by three recent studies, respectively (Cragan et al, ; Hansen et al, ; Hoyt et al, ). The lower prevalence in our study may have occurred, because we only ascertained cases diagnosed in the neonatal period, whereas the other three studies included diagnoses made at the time of birth and during the first year of life or later.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Temporal trends in diagnoses of congenital microcephaly, Texas Hospital Discharge Diagnoses, 2000–2015

Waller

Tark

Agopian

et al. 2019

Birth Defects Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Assess temporal trends in congenital microcephaly. Methods We used Texas inpatient discharge diagnoses between 2000 and 2015, restricting to newborns. Between 2000 and 2003, the maximum number of fields for recording diagnostic codes was eight, and between 2004 and 2015 it was 24. Microcephaly was classified into four subgroups based on co‐occurring diagnoses: A (Known Causes), B (Other Birth Defects), C (Preterm Birth or Fetal Growth Restriction) and D (Isolated Cases). Results We identified 2,301 cases of microcephaly or 4.0 cases per 10,000 live births. There was an increase in the prevalence of microcephaly in 2012–2015 compared with 2000–2003, odds ratio = 1.85 (95% CI 1.64–2.10) Significant temporal increases in microcephaly were observed within each of the four microcephaly subgroups and significant temporal increases were also observed for eight other neonatal diagnoses during the same time period. When we restricted our analysis to cases with microcephaly identified using only the eight diagnostic codes available throughout the entire study period, the temporal trend for microcephaly was diminished or absent. Conclusions It remains uncertain whether the observed increases in microcephaly and other neonatal diagnoses are real or an artifact of the change in the number of fields. However, since it is unlikely that there would be a simultaneous increase in microcephaly and eight other neonatal diagnoses, it is likely that some or all of the temporal increases in neonatal diagnoses are artifactual.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Temporal trends in diagnoses of congenital microcephaly, Texas Hospital Discharge Diagnoses, 2000–2015

Waller

Tark

Agopian

et al. 2019

Birth Defects Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, in a type 2 diabetes mouse model, lower expression of cell adhesion molecules reduced leukocytes recruitment, resulting in a failure to clear WNV infection from the brain and leading to increased inflammatory molecule levels, which increases neuronal cell death and mortality in mice with type 2 diabetes [ 48 , 49 ]. Some studies also reported that the children of mothers who are diabetic (pre-pregnancy or gestational) are at higher risk for both explained and unexplained microcephaly during ZIKV infection [ 50 , 51 ]. Taken together, several members of Flaviviridae including DENV appear to be associated with diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood glucose promotes dengue virus infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease globally. More than 2.5 billion people live in dengue-endemic areas. Previous studies suggested an interrelationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Conversely, glycolysis is a critical metabolic pathway for optimal dengue virus (DENV) replication. However, little is known concerning the effect of glucose on DENV replication in mosquitoes. In this study, we investigated the impact of glucose on DENV replication in mosquitoes Aedes aegypti. Methods Mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti UGAL/Rockefeller strain) were orally infected with DENV (serotype 2, 16681 strain) through infectious blood feeding. The DENV infection and transmission rates were determined by examining mosquito bodies and saliva, respectively, for DENV positivity at different time points after infection. In addition, a reverse genetic approach was applied by introducing double-stranded RNA against genes of interest into the mosquitoes to inhibit gene expression. Results Our data revealed a significant increase of DENV genome levels in mosquitoes consuming an infectious blood meal supplemented with glucose, suggesting that blood glucose is an important factor for viral replication. Interestingly, a significant increase of DENV E protein levels was detected in the saliva 4 days faster in mosquitoes that consumed infectious blood meals supplemented with glucose than in those consuming infectious blood meals alone. Furthermore, we perform RNAi to silence AKT or TOR and investigate the molecular mechanism regulating the glucose-mediated enhancement of viral replication. Silencing of AKT or TOR significantly reduced DENV titers in mosquitoes. Conclusions This study suggested that blood glucose is beneficial to DENV replication and that it facilitates virus transmission in mosquitoes via AKT and TOR signaling. Therefore, our results strengthen our understanding of dengue fever and DM co-morbidity and possibly reveal new targets for specific antiviral therapies. Graphical abstract

show abstract

“…In the United States and Europe, the reported prevalence of microcephaly ranges from 2.0 to 14.7 per 10,000 live births. [9][10][11] However, data from low resource settings (LRSs) suggests that the incidence rates of microcephaly may be substantially higher. 12,13 In the rural southwest region of Guatemala, we documented a very high prevalence of microcephaly (1216 per 10,000 live births) in April of 2015, 12 prior to the arrival of the Zika epidemic in late 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective cohort study of head circumference and its association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants and young children in rural Guatemala

Connery

Lamb

Colbert

et al. 2022

J Dev Orig Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microcephaly, an anthropometric marker of reduced brain volume and predictor of developmental disability, is rare in high-income countries. Recent reports show the prevalence of microcephaly to be much higher in lower resource settings. We calculated the prevalence of microcephaly in infants and young children (n = 642; age range = 0.1–35.9 months), examined trends in occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) growth in the year after birth and evaluated the relationship between OFC and performance on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) in rural Guatemala. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for age were performed: (1) a model comparing concurrent MSEL performance and OFC at all visits per child, (2) concurrent OFC and MSEL performance by age group, and (3) OFC at enrollment and MSEL at final visit by age group. Prevalence of microcephaly ranged from 10.1% to 25.0%. OFC z-score decreased for most infants throughout the first year after birth. A significant positive association between continuous OFC measurement and MSEL score suggested that children with smaller OFC may do worse on ND tests conducted both concurrently and ∼1 year later. Results were variable when analyzed by OFC cutoff scores and stratified by 6-month age groups. OFC should be considered for inclusion in developmental screening assessments at the individual and population level, especially when performance-based testing is not feasible.

show abstract

Pre‐Zika descriptive epidemiology of microcephaly in Texas, 2008–2012

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Temporal trends in diagnoses of congenital microcephaly, Texas Hospital Discharge Diagnoses, 2000–2015

Temporal trends in diagnoses of congenital microcephaly, Texas Hospital Discharge Diagnoses, 2000–2015

Blood glucose promotes dengue virus infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti

A prospective cohort study of head circumference and its association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants and young children in rural Guatemala

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About