Precambrian History of the West Australian Craton and Adjacent Orogens

Myers, John S.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.21.050193.002321

Cited by 222 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This is reflected in both receiver function results and refraction depth estimates. The southern margin of the Yilgarn Craton is intruded by a 100-km-wide belt of diabase dikes (the Gnowangerup dike swarm), intruded between 1600 and 1300 Ma, which may represent a rifting episode [Myers, 1993]. The thinner crust beneath the southern margin of the Yilgarn Craton, in the region of the Gnowangerup dike swarm, may indicate that the swarm is associated with rifting and thinning of the crust prior to the accretion of the Albany-Fraser orogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The Pinjarra orogen became a rift valley during the Phanerozoic separation of Australia and India and is now largely buried under 15 km of sediments [Myers, 1993] has subsequently been displaced westward [Myers et al, 1996]. Such a relationship is not obvious in the map of crustal thickness (Figure 9), but crustal thickness in the region between the Albany-Fraser orogen and the Musgrave Block is relatively poorly constrained (Figure 9 inset).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The crustal thickness of Australia

Clitheroe¹,

Guðmundsson²,

Kennett³

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

137

113

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Abstract. We investigate the crustal structure of the Australian continent using the temporary broadband stations of the Skippy and Kimba projects and permanent broadband stations. We isolate near-receiver information, in the form of crustal P-to-$ conversions, using the receiver function technique. Stacked receiver functions are inverted for $ velocity structure using a Genetic Algorithm approach to Receiver Function Inversion (GARFI). From the resulting velocity models we are able to

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The crustal thickness of Australia

Clitheroe¹,

Guðmundsson²,

Kennett³

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

137

113

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“…Almost all the known gold deposits in this region are temporally and spatially associated with the greenstone belts and small granitoid plutons at the margins of the greenstone belts. The Yilgarn Craton appears to have been assembled between ~3.00 and 2.60 Ga by the accretion of a multitude of formerly present blocks or terranes of existing continental crust (Myers 1993).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Mapping Using a Sub-Audio Magnetic Survey at the Comet Gold Mine, Western Australia

Chenrai¹,

Meyers²,

Charusiri³

2011

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The Comet Gold Mine in the Murchison mineral field lies within the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia. Gold mineralization in this area is associated with a series of north-northeasterly trending structures, and has a long exploration history with some previous geophysical information. Other exploration information, such as geology and drill hole data, are integrated with the geophysical results to study the geophysical responses and generate a geophysical interpretation map. The response from the sub-audio magnetic (SAM) survey was investigated over an area of 13 sq km. The SAM survey was completed using a transmitter current of 5 -8 Amp with a 50% duty cycle at 4 Hz frequency, which was considered a good instrumental setting for the Comet area. SAM anomalies were compared to results obtained from other geophysical methods and then integrated with geological data to generate a geophysical interpretation map at a 1 : 5000 scale. The new interpretation of geological units and structures at the Comet area should provide a better understanding of the geological and structural setting for mineralization in the Comet area. Our results show that the Comet Fault represents a faulted limb of the Comet fold structure that has both limbs dipping to the southeast and a plunge to the northeast. Magnetic anomalies associated with sedimentary iron formation (SIF) are considered to be well correlated with some gold bearing horizons and the location of the Comet Fault, which has become more siliceous and has been altered by sulphide minerals and magnetite minerals.

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“…However, recent geological investigations have demonstrated that the Archean greenstone belts are mainly composed of accreted components of oceanic crust (de Wit et al, 1987;Ohta et al, 1996;Kato et al, 1998;Kitajima et al, 2001), oceanic island-arc (Kimura et al, 1993;Myers, 1993;Kiyokawa and Taira, 1998), and oceanic plateau (Condie, 1997;Barley and Pickard, 1999;Van Kranendonk et al, 2001). Moreover, young and buoyant Archean oceanic plate due to a high heat flux (Hargraves, 1986;de Wit and Hart, 1993) must have increased a volume of accreted materials to land.…”

Section: Global Carbon Cycle In the Early Archean Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate Minerals in the Warrawoona Group, Pilbara Craton: Implications for Continental Crust, Life, and Global Carbon Cycle in the Early Archean

Nakamura¹,

Kato²

2002

Resource Geology

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Abstract:The occurrences of the Early Archean carbonate minerals are compiled and their precipitation processes are investigated for the Warrawoona Group, Pilbara Craton. Sedimentary carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolostone are very rare, and only a small amount of sedimentary carbonate minerals are sometimes contained in the hydrothermal bedded chert, implying that a sink of CO 2 was minor in the Early Archean sediments. Moreover, it is very likely that the activity of cyanobacteria forming stromatolites was considerably low in the Early Archean. Microfossils and carbonaceous matter in the hydrothermal cherts are probably derived from a non-photosynthetic microorganisms related to the seafloor hydrothermal activity. Their preservation in sediments may play a very minor role in carbon sink of the Earth's surface.On the other hand, carbonatized volcanic rocks subjected to seafloor hydrothermal alteration occur ubiquitously in the Early Archean greenstone belts such as the Warrawoona Group, suggesting that the hydrothermally altered oceanic crust had large amounts of CO 2 as carbonate minerals. Global carbon cycle in the Early Archean is considered to have been controlled by the intense seafloor hydrothermal alteration. Large amounts of CO 2 were sunk into the oceanic crust by the alteration. The carbonatized oceanic crust was partly accreted to the continents and/or island-arcs, and partly subducted into the mantle without decomposition. Significant amounts of carbonate minerals in the carbonatized oceanic crust were very likely to store in the accretionary prisms and mantle, consequently giving rise to a decrease of atmospheric and oceanic CO 2 .Keywords: hydrothermal, carbonatization, carbonate, carbon dioxide, oceanic crust, stromatolite, global carbon cycle, Early Archean, Warrawoona Group carbonate displaying a stromatolite texture deposited in the ocean (Fig. 2b;Walter and Heys, 1985;Awramik, 1992;Semikhatov and Raaben, 1996). This geological evidence suggests that biological activity of cyanobacteria was mostly responsible for carbonate precipitation in the Proterozoic (Grotzinger and Knoll, 1999;Riding, 2000). In contrast, sedimentary carbonates were much less in the Archean than the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic (Fig. 2a;Ronov, 1964;Veizer et al., 1989a). Although more than 20 of stromatolite occurrences are now known worldwide in the Archean (Martin et al., 1980;Walter, 1983;Beukes and Lowe, 1989), the true fossil record such as a stromatolite texture and microfossils is sparse in the Archean compared to the Proterozoic (Hofmann, 1999). In particular, the occurrences of the stromatolites older than 3.2 Ga are rare ( Fig. 2b; Hofmann, 1999), and the biogenesis of the stromatolite-like textures has been questioned (Walter et al., 1980;Lowe, 1980bLowe, , 1994Lowe, , 1995Buick et al., 1995). It is assured that the carbonate sediment was significantly minor in the Archean. However, several researchers have believed that the carbonate precipitation is essentially the same throughout the Earth's history ...

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Precambrian History of the West Australian Craton and Adjacent Orogens

Cited by 222 publications

References 44 publications

The crustal thickness of Australia

The crustal thickness of Australia

High-Resolution Mapping Using a Sub-Audio Magnetic Survey at the Comet Gold Mine, Western Australia

Carbonate Minerals in the Warrawoona Group, Pilbara Craton: Implications for Continental Crust, Life, and Global Carbon Cycle in the Early Archean

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