Precambrian ultra-hot orogenic factory: Making and reworking of continental crust

Perchuk, A. L.; Сафонов, О. Г.; Smit, C. A.; Reenen, Dirk D. van; Захаров, В. С.; Gerya, Taras

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.11.041

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The occurrence of (U)HT metamorphism has been suggested to be temporally related with supercontinent assembly (Brown, ; Brown & Johnson, ). Numerous tectonic‐driven and magmatism‐driven models have been proposed for the generation of UHT metamorphism, which include conductive heating of overthickened orogens (Clark, Fitzsimons, Healy, & Harley, ; Kelsey & Hand, ), long‐lived large hot collisional orogens (Harley, ; Jamieson & Beaumont, ), accretionary ultra‐hot orogens (Chardon, Gapais, & Cagnard, ; Perchuk et al, ), and heat advection from sub‐lithospheric mantle in thin lithospheres, such as by delamination and asthenosphere upwelling (Gorczyk, Smithies, Korhonen, Howard, & De Gromard, ; Perchuk et al, ; Ueda, Gerya, & Burg, ), and by inversion and thickening of hot backarc setting after slab break‐off (Brown, ; Sizova, Gerya, & Brown, ; Thompson, Schulmann, Jezek, & Tolar, ). A self‐consistent mechanism for the generation of UHT metamorphism has yet to be developed (Gorczyk et al, ; Jamieson & Beaumont, ; Perchuk et al, ; Sizova et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoproterozoic UHT metamorphism with isobaric cooling (IBC) followed by decompression–heating in the Khondalite Belt (North China Craton): New evidence from two sapphirine formation processes

Jiao

Guo

2020

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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Interpretation of reaction microstructures may provide constraints on the P-T path followed by rocks, with implications for the geodynamic evolution. Sapphirine generally occurs in diverse microstructures in ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) Mg-Al-rich granulites. Understanding multi-stage sapphirine formation processes and the resultant P-T path may provide insights into the cause of UHT metamorphism, which is otherwise under broad debate. Here, we investigate samples of UHT granulite containing two distinct types of sapphirine from the Dongpo locality in the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton, with the aim of understanding the processes of sapphirine formation and the metamorphic evolution of the host rocks. Petrographic observations show that early sapphirine, which occurs as coronas on spinel and as single porphyroblasts, formed together with biotite, sillimanite, and inclusion-rich garnet.Late symplectitic sapphirine along with fine-grained plagioclase and spinel plus plagioclase symplectites, formed by consumption of sillimanite, biotite, and garnet.Three pseudosections based on the bulk compositions of microdomains inferred to reflect spatially restricted equilibrium suggest that the rocks record near isobaric cooling (IBC) from ~980 to 830ºC at ~0.9 GPa for early sapphirine formation, and decompression and heating to ≤0.7 GPa and ~900ºC for late sapphirine formation.Our study in combination with other metamorphic P-T and age information reveals the common occurrence of IBC paths and long duration (c. 1.93 to 1.86 Ga) regional UHT metamorphism in the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton. Locally, this is followed by decompression-heating paths at c. 1.86 Ga. The Palaeoproterozoic UHT metamorphism with long-lived IBC path in the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton supports large hot orogen model in the amalgamation of this part in the supercontinent Nuna. K E Y W O R D S Khondalite Belt, North China Craton, phase equilibria modelling, sapphirine, ultrahigh temperature 358 |

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoproterozoic UHT metamorphism with isobaric cooling (IBC) followed by decompression–heating in the Khondalite Belt (North China Craton): New evidence from two sapphirine formation processes

Jiao

Guo

2020

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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“…This prediction has been investigated by Sizova et al (2014; see also Chowdhury et al, 2017;Perchuk et al, 2018) in a series of experiments run using a 2-D petrological-thermomechanical numerical model in which the collision of spontaneously moving continental plates was simulated using increasingly higher values of ambient upper-mantle temperature and radiogenic heat production than those typical at the present day. Conditions appropriate for high T/P metamorphism are predicted in experiments with elevated crustal heat production, ambient upper mantle temperatures >80°C warmer than the present day, thicker lithosphere and a greater density contrast between mantle lithosphere and asthenospheric mantle.…”

Section: The Metamorphic Record and Time's Arrowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time's arrow, time's cycle: Granulite metamorphism and geodynamics

Brown

Johnson

2019

MinMag

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Although the thermal evolution of the mantle before c. 3.0 Ga remains unclear, since c. 3.0 Ga secular cooling has dominated over heat production—this is time's arrow. By contrast, the thermal history of the crust, which is preserved in the record of metamorphism, is more complex. Heat to drive metamorphism is generated by radioactive decay and viscous dissipation, and is augmented by the influx of heat from the mantle. Notwithstanding that reliable data are sparse before the Neoarchean, we use a dataset of temperature (T), pressure (P) and thermobaric ratio (T/P at the metamorphic ‘peak’), and age of metamorphism (t, the timing of the metamorphic ‘peak’) for rocks from 564 localities ranging in age from the Cenozoic to the Eoarchean eras to interrogate the crustal record of metamorphism as a proxy for the heat budget of the crust through time. On the basis of T/P, metamorphic rocks are classified into three natural groups: high T/P type (T/P >775°C/GPa, mean T/P ~1105°C/GPa), including common and ultrahigh-temperature granulites, intermediate T/P type (T/P between 775 and 375°C/GPa, mean T/P ~575°C/GPa), including high-pressure granulites and medium- and high-temperature eclogites, and low T/P type (T/P <375°C/GPa, mean T/P ~255°C/GPa), including blueschists, low-temperature eclogites and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks. A monotonic increase in the P of intermediate T/P metamorphism from the Neoarchean to the Neoproterozoic reflects strengthening of the lithosphere during secular cooling of the mantle—this is also time's arrow. However, temporal variation in the P of intermediate T/P metamorphism and in the moving means of T and T/P of high T/P metamorphism, combined with the clustered age distribution, demonstrate the cyclicity of collisional orogenesis and cyclic variations in the heat budget of the crust superimposed on secular cooling since c. 3.0 Ga—this is time's cycle. A first cycle began with the widespread appearance/survival of intermediate T/P and high T/P metamorphism in the Neoarchean rock record coeval with amalgamation of dispersed blocks of lithosphere to form protocontinents. This cycle was terminated by the fragmentation of the protocontinents into cratons in the early Paleoproterozoic, which signalled the start of a new cycle. The second cycle continued with the progressive amalgamation of the cratons into the supercontinent Columbia and extended until the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia in the Neoproterozoic. This cycle represented a period of relative tectonic and environmental stability, and perhaps reduced subduction during at least part of the cycle. During most of the Proterozoic the moving means for both T and T/P of high T/P metamorphism exceeded the arithmetic means, reflecting insulation of the mantle beneath the quasi-integrated lithosphere of Columbia and, after a limited reorganisation, Rodinia. The third cycle began with the steep decline in thermobaric ratios of high T/P metamorphism to their lowest value, synchronous with the breakup of Rodinia and the formation of Pannotia, and the widespread appearance/preservation of low T/P metamorphism in the rock record. The thermobaric ratios for high T/P metamorphism rise to another peak associated with the Pan-African event, again reflecting insulation of the mantle. The subsequent steep decline in thermobaric ratios of high T/P metamorphism associated with the breakup of Pangea at c. 0.175 Ga may indicate the start of a fourth cycle. The limited occurrence of high and intermediate T/P metamorphism before the Neoarchean suggests either that suitable tectonic environments to generate these types of metamorphism were not widely available before then or that the rate of survival was low. We interpret the first cycle to record stabilisation of subduction and the emergence of a network of plate boundaries in a plate tectonics regime once the balance between heat production and heat loss changed in favour of secular cooling, possibly as early as c. 3.0 Ga in some areas. This is inferred to have been a globally linked system by the early Paleoproterozoic, but whether it remained continuous to the present is unclear. The second cycle was characterised by stability from the formation of Columbia to the breakup of Rodinia, generating higher than average T and T/P of high T/P metamorphism. The third cycle reflects colder collisional orogenesis and deep subduction of the continental crust, features that are characteristic of modern plate tectonics, which became possible once the average temperature of the asthenospheric mantle had declined to <100°C warmer than the present day after c. 1.0 Ga.

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“…This model lies somewhere between plate tectonic and stagnant lid processes, in that horizontal convergence is required to drive magmatism and metamorphism, but the crust and lithosphere are extremely weak and lithospheric delamination is an important process. Numerical modelling by Perchuk et al (2018) demonstrates that for mantle temperatures ∼150°C higher than the present day (e.g., Herzberg et al, 2010), convergence between thin blocks of continental lithosphere can produce ultrahot orogens. In this model, underthrusting of one of the continental blocks is accompanied by delamination of lithospheric mantle and mafic lower crust from the over-riding block.…”

Section: Formation Of the Maniitsoq Norite Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this model, underthrusting of one of the continental blocks is accompanied by delamination of lithospheric mantle and mafic lower crust from the over-riding block. This delamination allows hot partially molten depleted asthenospheric mantle to invade beneath the crust, causing high FIGURE 15 | Schematic diagram of synchronous norite and TTG formation in an ultra-hot orogeny, modified from numerical models by Perchuk et al (2018), with exaggerated vertical scale. Sizes and shapes of crustal blocks, lithospheric mantle, and various zones of partially molten mantle and mafic lower crust are to scale from Perchuk et al (2018).…”

Section: Formation Of the Maniitsoq Norite Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodynamic Implications of Synchronous Norite and TTG Formation in the 3 Ga Maniitsoq Norite Belt, West Greenland

et al. 2020

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Precambrian ultra-hot orogenic factory: Making and reworking of continental crust

Cited by 54 publications

References 90 publications

Paleoproterozoic UHT metamorphism with isobaric cooling (IBC) followed by decompression–heating in the Khondalite Belt (North China Craton): New evidence from two sapphirine formation processes

Paleoproterozoic UHT metamorphism with isobaric cooling (IBC) followed by decompression–heating in the Khondalite Belt (North China Craton): New evidence from two sapphirine formation processes

Time's arrow, time's cycle: Granulite metamorphism and geodynamics

Geodynamic Implications of Synchronous Norite and TTG Formation in the 3 Ga Maniitsoq Norite Belt, West Greenland

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