Precipitation Behavior in Liesegang Systems under Microwave Irradiation

Kanazawa, Yushin; Asakuma, Yusuke

doi:10.4236/jcpt.2014.42009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The postnucleation model can also predict the formation of secondary striations that sometimes emerge between the primary Liesegang bands ( 133 ). Several studies have also investigated the effect of extrinsic factors such as temperature gradients ( 134 ), applied electric fields ( 135 , 136 ), or exposure to microwave radiation ( 137 ) on the rhythmicity of Liesegang patterns.…”

Section: Periodic Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organization in precipitation reactions far from the equilibrium

2016

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Section: Periodic Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organization in precipitation reactions far from the equilibrium

2016

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“…Practical applications of Liesegang bands in materials science/engineering require a deeper understanding of how precipitation bands are influenced by extrinsic factors that can be controlled from outside the gels. Considerable effort has already been expended on investigating the effects of extrinsic factors such as temperature gradient, visible-light, microwave radiation, and gravitational and electric fields , on band formation. Different extrinsic factors influence Liesegang bands in different ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic-Field-Induced Painting-Out of Precipitation Bands of Mn–Fe-Based Prussian Blue Analogues in Water–Glass Gels

2018

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The effect of magnetic fields on the precipitation patterns of Mn–Fe-based Prussian blue analogues in water–glass gels was studied using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopies. Three sets of two glass tubes, A, B, and C, were prepared using 1.20 M Mn 2+ /0.24 M [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3– , 0.60 M Mn 2+ /0.12 M [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3– , and 0.30 M Mn 2+ /0.06 M [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3– solutions, respectively. From each of these sets, one tube was subjected to a magnetic field of 0.5 T, whereas the other was not. The magnetic field barely affected the Liesegang bands in the tube from Set A, but there were noticeable differences in the tubes from sets B and C, where (1) the amounts of electrolytes were small, (2) the dominant Mn species was [Mn(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ , and (3) there was stochasticity of the band formation. In these regions, the magnetic field painted out the spaces between the precipitation bands, even enhancing the formation of additional bands.

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“…Since their discovery more than a century ago, LPs are one of the most studied patterns due to their wide occurrence in nature, and because of the straightforward monitoring of various chemical systems leading to these patterns in gel media. To control and model LP formation, parameters affecting the formation of LPs such as the concentrations of reagents, the gel concentrations, impurities in the gels, the degree of cross‐linking in the gels, the pH of the media, electric fields, and microwave radiation have been investigated. Since Ostwald, many mathematical models have been developed to describe and model the reaction–diffusion phenomenon during LP formation using these results .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Control of Periodic Precipitation in Stretchable Gels to Retrieve Information on Elastic Deformation and for the Complex Patterning of Matter

et al. 2020

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Material design using nonequilibrium systems provides straightforward access to complexity levels that are possible through dynamic processes. Pattern formation through nonequilibrium processes and reaction–diffusion can be used to achieve this goal. Liesegang patterns (LPs) are a kind of periodic precipitation patterns formed through reaction–diffusion. So far, it has been shown that the periodic band structure of LPs and the geometry of the pattern can be controlled by experimental conditions and external fields (e.g., electrical or magnetic). However, there are no examples of these systems being used to retrieve information about the changes in the environment as they form, and there are no studies making use of these patterns for complex material preparation. This work shows the formation of LPs by a diffusion–precipitation reaction in a stretchable hydrogel and the control of the obtained patterns by the unprecedented and uncommon method of mechanical input. Additionally, how to use this protocol and how deviations from “LP behavior” of the patterns can be used to “write and store” information about the time, duration, extent, and direction of gel deformation are presented. Finally, an example of using complex patterning to deposit polypyrrole by using precipitation patterns is shown as a template.

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Precipitation Behavior in Liesegang Systems under Microwave Irradiation

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Self-organization in precipitation reactions far from the equilibrium

Self-organization in precipitation reactions far from the equilibrium

Magnetic-Field-Induced Painting-Out of Precipitation Bands of Mn–Fe-Based Prussian Blue Analogues in Water–Glass Gels

Mechanical Control of Periodic Precipitation in Stretchable Gels to Retrieve Information on Elastic Deformation and for the Complex Patterning of Matter

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