Precise Brillouin gain and phase spectra measurements in coherent BOTDA sensor with phase fluctuation cancellation

Li, Zonglei; Liu, Yan; Shao, Liyang; Pan, Wei; Luo, Bin; Liang, Jiawei; He, Haijun; Zhang, Yunpeng

doi:10.1364/oe.24.004824

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In general, the BFS distribution can be obtained from the BGS profile by sweeping the frequency of probe light and detecting the intensity gains of the probe signal. The raw BGS data being often drowned in severe noise, it is difficult to achieve accurate BFSs from these noisy BGS curves even if the collected BGS data are averaged hundreds of times to eliminate the random noise [5][6][7]. A real-time BOTDA measurement system requires that the data acquisition time is reduced to seconds or even milliseconds, and it is expected to average dozens of times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New BFS Retrieval Technique for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis Sensor System

Wei

Wang

et al. 2021

Electronics

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In this paper, Gaussian smoothing (GS), non-local means (NLM), and Quaternion Wavelet Transform (QWT) have been described in detail. Furthermore, a Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) experimental system was built to verify the denoising algorithms. The principal and experimental analyses show that the QWT algorithm is a more efficient image denoising method. The results indicate that the GS algorithm can obtain the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), frequency uncertainty, and Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) accuracy, and can be executed in an imperceptible time, but the GS algorithm has the lowest spatial resolution. After being denoised by using NLM algorithm, although SNR, frequency uncertainty, BFS accuracy, and spatial resolution significantly improved, it takes 40 min to implement the NLM denoising algorithm for a BGS image with 200 × 100,000 points. Processed by the QWT denoising algorithm, although SNR increases to 17.26 dB and frequency uncertainty decreases to 0.24 MHz, a BFS accuracy of only 0.2 MHz can be achieved. Moreover, the spatial resolution is 3 m, which is not affected by the QWT denoising algorithm. It takes less than 32 s to denoise the same raw BGS data. The QWT image denoising technique is suitable for BGS data processing in the BOTDA sensor system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New BFS Retrieval Technique for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis Sensor System

Wei

Wang

et al. 2021

Electronics

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“…The sensing performance, in terms of spatial resolution, sensing range, and measurand accuracy, is mainly limited by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the sensor response [2], which is restricted by fiber nonlinearities [3,4], and the non-local effects [5]. In the past few years, coherent detection has been applied to BOTDA systems for SNR enhancement, fast measurement, and as well as Brillouin phase shift detection [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Brillouin phase shift detection enables dynamic measurement [8,16], and also increases the tolerance to non-local effect [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

et al. 2018

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA) system, which enables both distributed Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) and Brillouin phase-shift spectrum (BPS) measurements without trace averaging. The proposed scheme generates and launches a reference light into the fiber under test (FUT), together with the Stokes probe light to indicate the phase noise and distortion in the probe. The commercial integrated coherent receiver at the detection end, using a local oscillator (LO) generated with single sideband (SSB) modulation, on the one hand, improves the signalto-noise ratio (SNR) to avoid the need of trace averaging for the signal acquisition. On the other hand, by processing and analyzing the receiver outputs at specific intermediate frequencies (IF), the amplitude and phase signals carried by the Stokes probe and the reference light can be resolved at once. In this way, both Brillouin gain and Brillouin phaseshift signals can be obtained simultaneously. By scanning the the Stokes probe light frequency and recording the Brillouin response at each scanning frequency, both distributions of Brillouin gain spectrum and phase-shift spectrum have been acquired. The configuration is approved by experiments carried out over an 18.2 km FUT with the spatial resolution of 2 m.

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“…In recent years, to enhance the SNR of BOTDA systems, various techniques and schemes have been established [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. Coherent detection has been applied for Brillouin signal detection to improve the SNR [7,8] and to obtain additional Brillouin phase information for reduction of the non-local effects [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coherent detection has been applied for Brillouin signal detection to improve the SNR [7,8] and to obtain additional Brillouin phase information for reduction of the non-local effects [9]. Optical coding techniques have been employed to achieve highly sensitive BOTDA systems without sacrifice of the spatial resolution [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-Directional Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyzer System for Long Range Distributed Sensing

Guo

Wang

et al. 2016

Sensors

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel scheme of bi-directional Brillouin time domain analyzer (BD-BOTDA) to extend the sensing range. By deploying two pump-probe pairs at two different wavelengths, the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) distribution over each half of the whole fiber can be obtained with the simultaneous detection of Brillouin signals in both channels. Compared to the conventional unidirectional BOTDA system of the same sensing range, the proposed BD-BOTDA scheme enables distributed sensing with a performance level comparable to the conventional one with half of the sensing range and a spatial resolution of 2 m, while maintaining the Brillouin signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the BFS uncertainty. Based on this technique, we have achieved distributed temperature sensing with a measurement range of 81.9 km fiber at a spatial resolution of 2 m and BFS uncertainty of ~0.44 MHz without introducing any complicated components or schemes.

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Precise Brillouin gain and phase spectra measurements in coherent BOTDA sensor with phase fluctuation cancellation

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

New BFS Retrieval Technique for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis Sensor System

New BFS Retrieval Technique for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis Sensor System

Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

Bi-Directional Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyzer System for Long Range Distributed Sensing

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