Precise method of estimation of semiconductor laser phase-noise-to-intensity-noise conversion in dispersive fiber

Krehlik, P.; Śliwczyński, Ł.

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2014.12.054

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The second one is related to the PN-IN conversion, due to the optical signal interaction with the chromatic dispersion. In case of a long fiber path, for instance 1000 km, the power spectral density (psd) of PN-IN is located in a relatively low frequency range, up to approximately 1 GHz [15]- [17], and thus falls into the bandwidth of the optical receiver. In case of shorter optical paths, the psd of PN-IN is spread in proportionally wider bandwidth, and thus only its small spectral part is passed by the limited-bandwidth receiver.…”

Section: Oeo Regenerator -Idea and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, when the amplifier's gain is close to the round-trip losses of these "circulating" signals, the operation of the amplifier becomes unstable, or it can even starts lasing, which leads to the total malfunction of the entire system. Because of that the maximum gain of bidirectional amplifiers is in practice limited to [15][16][17][18][19][20] dB. Yet another problem with bidirectional amplifiers is that their deployment decreases the power threshold for stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), which is the next factor limiting possible gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Careful assembly of the amplifier usually allows keeping the optical length difference for the forward and backward signals below 10 ps, but this offsets must be characterized and taken into account in the calibration of time distribution, which is quite a cumbersome procedure. The other factor limiting the long-haul T&F distribution with fully-optical amplification is a conversion of laser's optical phase noise to intensity noise (PN-IN), due to the optical signal interaction with the chromatic dispersion of the fiber [15]- [17]. This phenomenon is not related to any effects occurring in the optical amplifiers, but accumulates along the length of the (long) optical path.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrical Regeneration for Long-Haul Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Distribution Systems

Krehlik

Śliwczyński

Buczek

2021

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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In recent years fiber-optic based long-haul installations for time and frequency (T&F) distribution have become operational at various sites. The common practice to cope with large attenuation of long fiber path is to use bidirectional optical amplifiers. This, however, becomes insufficient in case of very long links and/or long spans between amplifiers, because of unavoidable deterioration of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper we present a solution where the optical signal amplification is combined with optical-electrical-optical (OEO) regeneration, performed in a few points along the link. We analyze the impact of replacing some optical amplifiers with OEOs and demonstrate the resulting improvement in terms of SNR of the received optical signal and the phase noise at the output of the T&F distribution system. Laboratory experiments performed with both spooled and metropolitan-area fibers (total length up to 900 km) confirmed the theoretical predictions and showed that placing the OEO regenerators in appropriate points along the link allows reaching the required SNR.

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Section: Oeo Regenerator -Idea and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrical Regeneration for Long-Haul Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Distribution Systems

Krehlik

Śliwczyński

Buczek

2021

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…This approach, however, requires substantial amount of data that are very difficult to obtain (see e.g. [2]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time performance monitoring of fiber optic long-distance time and RF frequency transfer links

Śliwczyński

Krehlik

Salwik

2016

2016 European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF)

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In a long-distance fiber optic time and frequency distribution link, operating bi-directionally over a single fiber, gains of the optical amplifiers must be judiciously chosen to minimize various undesirable effects resulting from backscattered signals and other sources of noise. In this paper we propose to monitor the performance of the link continuously during its operation and to use these information for a real-time optimization of the parameters of transferred time and frequency signals. The design of the subsystem intended to measure the jitter of the frequency signal is discussed together with the evaluation results.

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Precise Doppler shift measurement method based on motion radiation sources

Sun

2019

Measurement

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Precise method of estimation of semiconductor laser phase-noise-to-intensity-noise conversion in dispersive fiber

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Electrical Regeneration for Long-Haul Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Distribution Systems

Electrical Regeneration for Long-Haul Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Distribution Systems

Real-time performance monitoring of fiber optic long-distance time and RF frequency transfer links

Precise Doppler shift measurement method based on motion radiation sources

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