Precise rhythmicity in activity of neocortical, thalamic and brain stem neurons in behaving cats and rabbits

Abstract

Rhythmic discharges of neurons are believed to be involved in information processing in both sensory and motor systems. However their fine structure and functional role need further elucidation. We employed a pattern-based approach to search for episodes of precisely rhythmic activity of single neurons recorded in different brain structures in behaving cats and rabbits. We defined discharge patterns using an algorithmic description, which is different from the previously suggested template methods. We detected episodes of precisely rhythmic discharges, specifically, triads of constant (precision ± 2.5%) inter-spike intervals in the 10-70 ms range. In 54% (67/125) of neurons tested, these patterns could not be explained by random occurrences or by steady or slowly changing input. Rhythmic patterns occurred at a wide range of inter-spike intervals, and were imbedded in nonrhythmic activity. In many neurons, timing of these precisely rhythmic patterns was related to different locomotion tasks or to respiration.

Neuronal plasticity and thalamocortical sleep and waking oscillations

“…There are, however, some problems with this study. (a) Only one pattern of stimuli was used, but neurons during natural behavioral states do not repeat the same pattern of spiking (Dunin-Barkowski et al, 2006). (b) Experiments were done in high Ca 2+ conditions (2 mM) compared to in vivo (1.0–1.2 mM), which affected synaptic release.…”

Troubleshooting Gait Disturbances in Parkinson’s Disease With Deep Brain Stimulation

“…Molecular imaging studies unveiled a diffuse cortical activation during gait ( Jacobs and Horak, 2007 ; Yogev-Seligmann et al, 2008 ; Collomb-Clerc and Welter, 2015 ; Tard et al, 2015 ; Peterson and Horak, 2016 ). In particular, the primary motor cortex is relevant for gait adaptation that requires precise forelimb positioning to avoid obstacles or to change direction ( Drew et al, 2002 ; Beloozerova et al, 2003 ; Dunin-Barkowski et al, 2006 ). The SMA is involved in balance control during locomotion and plays a role in the timing of the anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) during gait initiation ( Richard et al, 2017 ).…”