Precisely delivered nanomechanical forces induce blebbing in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells

Hemsley, Alexandra L; Hernandez, Diana; Mason, Christopher; Pelling, Andrew E.; Veraitch, Farlan

doi:10.2147/chc.s13863

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several groups have independently demonstrated how cells are extremely sensitive to small local forces by using fluorescent fusion proteins coupled with live cell dyes. For example, the local indentation of living cells with an AFM tip with forces in the order of 10 −9 N, influences their behavior making them generate an inner response by signaling and structural events (e.g., calcium release, membrane blebbing, cytoskeletal deformation, and organelle rearrangement) ( Charras and Horton, 2002 ; Silberberg et al, 2008 ; Veraitch et al, 2011 ; Guolla et al, 2012 ). AFM records force-distance curves by plotting the force acting on the probe as a function of the probe-sample separation distance.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Characterization at the Cell Scale: Present and Prospects

et al. 2018

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The rapidly growing field of mechanobiology demands for robust and reproducible characterization of cell mechanical properties. Recent achievements in understanding the mechanical regulation of cell fate largely rely on technological platforms capable of probing the mechanical response of living cells and their physico–chemical interaction with the microenvironment. Besides the established family of atomic force microscopy (AFM) based methods, other approaches include optical, magnetic, and acoustic tweezers, as well as sensing substrates that take advantage of biomaterials chemistry and microfabrication techniques. In this review, we introduce the available methods with an emphasis on the most recent advances, and we discuss the challenges associated with their implementation.

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Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Characterization at the Cell Scale: Present and Prospects

et al. 2018

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“…AFM has previously been applied to locally induce blebs in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells by loading the cells locally with the AFM tip with large forces of 5-10 nN. 57 AFM contact mode imaging was also used to investigate the morphological changes of the cell due to blebbing in the course of apoptosis. 58 However, this seems to be the first demonstration that the AFM and in particular high-speed force mapping can reveal mechanical properties of a blebbing cell.…”

Section: G Blebbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-speed force mapping on living cells with a small cantilever atomic force microscope

Braunsmann

Seifert

Rheinlaender

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The imaging speed of the wide-spread force mapping mode for quantitative mechanical measurements on soft samples in liquid with the atomic force microscope (AFM) is limited by the bandwidth of the z-scanner and viscous drag forces on the cantilever. Here, we applied high-speed, large scan-range atomic force microscopy and small cantilevers to increase the speed of force mapping by ≈10-100 times. This allowed resolving dynamic processes on living mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cytoskeleton reorganization during cell locomotion, growth of individual cytoskeleton fibers, cell blebbing, and the formation of endocytic pits in the cell membrane were observed. Increasing the force curve rate from 2 to 300 Hz increased the measured apparent Young's modulus of the cells by about 10 times, which facilitated force mapping measurements at high speed.

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“…To investigate the viscoelastic properties of vesicles, we ran computer simulations wherein a vesicle is squeezed between two plates ( Figure 1). This procedure is relevant to experiments [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] which use an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) to poke and squeeze and stretch living cells and vesicles. An analogous experimental setup was used by Schäfer et al [3] to investigate static properties of giant liposomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%