Precision farming solution in Egypt using the wireless sensor network technology

Wireless Sensor Network and Monitoring of Crop Field

“…WSN can be linked to external servers or services both with wires or wirelessly (see Table 1: Connectivity options). Amongst others some of connection options could be using Ethernet connection, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or GSM-GPRS [15,16,17,18]. …”

“…One of these techniques may include pest identification through physical characteristic detection. The system has a stored data regarding the physical attributes of pests, when such pest is detected, the system can easily know what type of pest it is and immediately suggest possible ways on how to manage the farm situation [1,8,16,17]. Aside from the reduced yields mentioned lately, pests and diseases can also cause great economic loss to farmers through increased costs of pesticides and other control measures, thus if they are engaged in a for-profit agricultural business they will be having lower net income.…”

Small Scale Rollout of PV Systems in Chikwawa District, Malawi: Remote Monitoring System Effectiveness

“…Moreover, it is a low-cost and low-power consumption technology. These features have accelerated the application of WSNs in many areas including precision agriculture [24][25][26], wildfire detection and reporting [27][28][29], and PV condition monitoring and reporting [30][31][32]. The reviewed literature is focused primarily on analysing performance and demonstrates the effectiveness of the WSN technology.…”

“…Based on the anticipated load demand, the system required five PV panels of 80 Wp each. With each panel having a short circuit current of 5 Amps, this meant that the maximum total current delivered to the system was 25 Amps. An assumption of a 30% factor of safety yields a charge controller size of 32.5 Amps which unfortunately was not available on the market, resulting in a 40 Amp charge controller being opted for.…”

Ubiquitous Computing in the context of developing countries

“…Another example of U-agriculture was implemented in Egypt; A country well known for its agriculture [23]. However, the country faces a lot of challenges in the agricultural processes and productions of crops; including poor rangeland, diseases and pests which may destroy harvests, etc.…”