Preclinical Assessment of Hypocrellin B and Hypocrellin B Derivatives as Sensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: Progress Update

Miller, Gerald G.; Brown, Kevin M.; Ballangrud, Åse M.; Barajas, Oscar; Xiao, Zixuan; Tulip, J.; Lown, J. William; Leithoff, Jacqueline M.; Allalunis-Turner, M. J.; Mehta, R.D.; Moore, Ronald B.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb01915.x

Cited by 94 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Indeed, the sensitivity of these organelles to photosensitization has previously been reported for other photosensitizers [e.g. hypocrellin B (Miller et al 1997) and its derivatives (Uzdensky et al 2001), hypericin (Siboni et al 2002), toluidine blue (Trembaly et al 2002), temoporWn (Teiten et al 2003)]. The possible role of the ER or the endosome-Golgi compartment in cell death induction through photodamage is supported by the observation that stresses applied to these structures may trigger the apoptotic cascade via the activation of either regulatory proteins or directly acting apoptotic proteases, such as caspase 12 or caspase 2 (Ferri and Kroemer 2001;Boyce and Yuan 2006;Kessel et al 2006;Nakagawa et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Apoptosis in tumour cells photosensitized with Rose Bengal acetate is induced by multiple organelle photodamage

Soldani

Croce

Bottone

et al. 2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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Rose Bengal (RB) is a very efficient photosensitizer which undergoes inactivation of its photophysical and photochemical properties upon addition of a quencher group-i.e. acetate-to the xanthene rings. The resulting RB acetate (RB-Ac) derivative behaves as a fluorogenic substrate: it easily enters the cells where the native photoactive molecule is restored by esterase activities. It is known that the viability of RB-Ac-loaded cells is strongly reduced by light irradiation, attesting to the formation of intracellular RB. The aim of this study was to identify the organelles photodamaged by the intracellularly formed RB. RB-Ac preloaded rat C6 glioma cells and human HeLa cells were irradiated at 530 nm. Fluorescence confocal imaging and colocalization with specific dyes showed that the restored RB molecules redistribute dynamically through the cytoplasm, with the achievement of a dynamic equilibrium at 30 min after the administration, in the cell systems used; this accounted for a generalized damage to several organelles and cell structures (i.e. the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, the mitochondria, and the cytoskeleton). The multiple organelle damage, furthermore, led preferentially to apoptosis as demonstrated by light and electron microscopy and by dual-fluorescence staining with FITC-labelled annexin V and propidium iodide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Apoptosis in tumour cells photosensitized with Rose Bengal acetate is induced by multiple organelle photodamage

Soldani

Croce

Bottone

et al. 2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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“…These pigments have a long history of use as traditional medicinal agents and were commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, gastric diseases (20), and skin diseases related to fungal infections (18,19). Previous studies showed that hypocrellins exhibited photodynamic anticancer (2,5,12,21) and antiviral (9, 10) activities. These activities were related to their ability to generate active oxygen…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antileishmanial Activities of Hypocrellins A and B

Ma¹,

Khan²,

Jacob³

et al. 2004

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

138

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Hypocrellins A and B were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities. Hypocrellin A exhibited promising activity against Candida albicans and moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium intracellulare. Hypocrellin B showed weak antimicrobial activities. Hypocrellin A exhibited potent antileishmanial activity, while hypocrellin B was only moderately active. These results of promising antifungal and antileishmanial activity of hypocrellin A may be useful for further structure-activity relationship and in vivo studies.Antifungal drugs, such as amphotericin B, ketoconazole (and other azoles), and griseofulvin, have been widely used in the treatment of patients with various fungal infections. However, their clinical use is limited, due either to lack of efficacy or their toxicity and resistance (8,17). Therefore, there is a need for new antifungal agents that are more effective and less toxic. For leishmanial infections, only a few drugs, which are highly toxic, are available (4), and their use has further been compromised due to development of drug resistance. Thus, there is a continuous interest in developing new antileishmanial compounds with different modes of action and low toxicities to satisfy clinical use.Hypocrellins A and B ( Fig. 1) are two main pigments isolated from the parasitic fungus Hypocrella bambusae (Berk. et Broome) Sacc., which grows abundantly in the northwest region of Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, and the southeastern region of Xizang (Tibet), an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. These pigments have a long history of use as traditional medicinal agents and were commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, gastric diseases (20), and skin diseases related to fungal infections (18,19). Previous studies showed that hypocrellins exhibited photodynamic anticancer (2, 5, 12, 21) and antiviral (9, 10) activities. These activities were related to their ability to generate active oxygen•Ϫ , and • OH) (1, 16) and inhibit protein kinase C activity (6). However, no antifungal or antileishmanial activity has been reported. In this study, hypocrellins A and B were evaluated for activities against a panel of fungi and bacteria and for activity against Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis.Hypocrellins A and B were isolated from H. bambusae as described previously (3) at the Experimental Center of Yunnan University, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. Purity was determined to be 99.2%. Samples were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The final concentration of DMSO in all assays was less than 0.2%, which has no effect on the tested organisms.Activity against a panel of microorganisms, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium intracellulare, was evaluated in vitro. All organisms were obtained from the American Type Culture Col...

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“…As a type of photosensitizer, hypocrellin A (HA), a naturally occurred hydrophobic perylenequinonoid pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae, possesses a broad visible absorbance and a high efficiency in generating reactive oxygen species (ROSs) (Miller et al 1997). All these properties make the newly developed photosensitizer present strong photodynamic activity against many tumor cell lines and viruses (Diwu and Lown 1990;Petrich 2000;Hudson et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer-encapsulated amorphous nanocage as a bimodal reagent for drug delivery and biodiagnose in vitro

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2010

Biomed Microdevices

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The use of ceramic nano-carriers containing anti-cancer drugs for targeted delivery that span both fundamental and applied research has attracted the interest of the scientific community. In this paper, a hydrophobic photodynamic therapy drug, hypocrellin A (HA), was successfully encapsulated in water-soluble amorphous silica nanocage (HANC) by an improved sol-gel method. These nanocages are of ultrasmall size, highly monodispersed, stable in aqueous suspension, and retain the optical properties of HA. Moreover, these nanocages can be effectively delivered, subsequently taken up by cancer cells and finally targeted to mitochondria. In addition, incubation time dependent photodynamic efficacy difference between HANC and HA was investigated for the first time. Especially, the nanocages, owning extremely high stable fluorescence comparing with free HA, also have potentials as efficient probes for optical biodiagnose in vitro. All these properties of HANC could possibly make it especially promising to be used as a bimodal reagent for photodynamic therapy and biodiagnose.

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Preclinical Assessment of Hypocrellin B and Hypocrellin B Derivatives as Sensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: Progress Update

Cited by 94 publications

References 27 publications

Apoptosis in tumour cells photosensitized with Rose Bengal acetate is induced by multiple organelle photodamage

Apoptosis in tumour cells photosensitized with Rose Bengal acetate is induced by multiple organelle photodamage

Antimicrobial and Antileishmanial Activities of Hypocrellins A and B

Mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer-encapsulated amorphous nanocage as a bimodal reagent for drug delivery and biodiagnose in vitro

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