Preclinical Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC) Guill et Perr. Bark of Trunk in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rat

Abstract

Background The present study investigates the effect of an aqueous extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa (AEAL) on normotensive Wistar rats and its chronic antihypertensive effects in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by using a non-invasive tail-cuff model. Methods The effects of AEAL (50mg/kg) and NaCl 0.9% on blood pressure were investigated by daily oral administration in normotensive Wistar rats over four weeks. L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats were produced by L-NAME (40mg/kg) daily oral administration for two weeks. For chronic antihypertensive effects, induced hypertensive rats have received L-NAME in combination with AEAL (10 or 50mg/kg/day) for two following weeks. Results In normotensive rats, daily administration of AEAL (50mg/kg) has no significant effect on their blood pressure, which was similar to that of the control group. L-NAME’s daily oral administration induces a progressive increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 115.8 ± 7.9mmHg to 153.5 ± 4.6mmHg after two weeks, which was maintained to the end of the treatment. In L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, AEAL (50mg/kg/day) significantly decreases the SPB from 160.0 ± 5.8 mmHg to 108.8 ± 2.7mmHg after only four days of administration. However, the lower dose of AEAL (10mg/kg) also normalized the SBP of L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats but only evident after seven days of administration. Moreover, AEAL does not effect on the serum biochemical parameters (ALAT, ASAT, CREAT, etc.) and any macroscopic adverse effect was detected on the sensible organs involved during hypertension. In the aorta rings from treated rats, AEAL (50mg/kg/day) alone or in combination with L-NAME has enhanced the vasodilation effect of acetylcholine. However, the vasodilation effect of AEAL alone or in association with L-NAME has enhanced the sodium nitroprusside effect in treated rat aorta rings after autopsy. Conclusion These findings suggest that AEAL affords significant antihypertensive effects against L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats without modification of serum parameters and deleterious effects.

Evaluation of acute, subacute toxicity and in vivo impact of aqueous decoction of Flemingia faginea Guill. & Perr. (Barker) leafy stems on NMRI mice and normotensive Wistar rats

“…All male and female rats were trained to take systolic and diastolic blood pressure for one week prior to the start of the subacute toxicity test. Noninvasive cuff plethysmography (Blood Pressure Recorder System 58500, Ugo Basile) was used for this purpose 14 . Each rat was placed in a compact thermal chamber (37 °C) with an individual holder for 30 min.…”

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“…Furthermore, all experimental animal procedures have been performed according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the US National Institutes of Health and the EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (Protocol number: CE-UOI/2019-04) 17 .…”

“…Recording of Blood Pressure Parameters: Blood pressure training sessions were conducted for one week before the 28-day repeat dose toxicity study started. Blood pressure recordings were made with a non-invasive cuffed plethysmograph (Blood Pressure Recorder System 58500, Ugo Basile) 17 . Each rat was placed in a compact thermal chamber (37 °C) using an individual holder for 30 min.…”

Phytochemical Screening by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, Antioxidant Activities and Acute Toxicity of Trunk Barks Extracts of <i>Lannea velutina</i> A. Rich

“…The mice were confined in plastic cages in a room with 65 percent regulated humidity, a temperature range of 20˚C to 23˚C, a 12:12 h light-dark cycle, and unrestricted access to rat food and water [16]. It was carried out by the procedure approved by Belemnaba [17].…”