Preclinical relevance of probiotics in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review

Abstract

SummaryType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is among the most prevalent metabolic diseases in the world and may result in several long‐term complications. The crosstalk between gut microbiota and host metabolism is closely related to T2DM. Currently, fragmented data hamper defining the relationship between probiotics and T2DM. This systematic review aimed at investigating the effects of probiotics on T2DM in animal models. We systematically reviewed preclinical evidences using PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases, recovering 24 original articles published until September 27th, 2019. This systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We included experimental studies with animal models reporting the effects of probiotics on T2DM. Studies were sorted by characteristics of publications, animal models, performed analyses, probiotic used and interventions. Bias analysis and methodological quality assessments were examined through the SYRCLE's Risk of Bias tool. Probiotics improved T2DM in 96% of the studies. Most studies (96%) used Lactobacillus strains, and all of them led to improved glycaemia. All studies used rodents as models, and male animals were preferred over females. Results suggest that probiotics have a beneficial effect in T2DM animals and could be used as a supporting alternative in the disease treatment. Considering a detailed evaluation of the reporting and methodological quality, the current preclinical evidence is at high risk of bias. We hope that our critical analysis will be useful in mitigating the sources of bias in further studies.

Effects of probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC 510 supplementation on metabolic factors in otherwise healthy overweight and obese individuals

“…plantarum IMC 510 can improve the blood parameters and suggest that its benefits are possibly limited in subjects showing haematologic alterations. Notably, a large number of studies showed that certain probiotics may be able to lower glycaemia and serum lipids, particularly in diabetic or hypercholesterolemic subjects in clinical (Jones et al, 2012; Khalili et al, 2022; Kocsis et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2018; Wu et al, 2017; Zhang et al, 2022) and in pre‐clinical research (Cabello‐Olmo et al, 2022; Marques et al, 2020; Ooi & Liong, 2010; Reamtong et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2012). Notably, last year, three probiotics were tested in a healthy rabbit (see details in Kadja et al, 2021) and improved the biochemical and haematological profiles.…”

“…According to a joint FAO/WHO, F. A.O (2002), probiotics are defined as 'live microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts'. Several studies demonstrated the positive effects of probiotics on obesity and related health complications, such as reduction of adipose tissue inflammation, endotoxemia, adiposity, body mass, leptin levels and energy intake (Guazzelli Marques et al, 2020).…”

1-Deoxynojirimycin containing Morus alba leaf-based food modulates the gut microbiome and expression of genes related to obesity

“…These species are used as probiotics and are responsible for several health benefits, including weight control [ 45 ]. Probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus have also been found to improve glycemia in preclinical studies [ 46 ]. Additionally, the functional potential of the gut microbiota may provide a functional basis for the anti-obesity effects of MA.…”

Nutritional and Health Potential of Probiotics: A Review

“…Bone mineral density has also been proven to be affected by these gut microbes, as these microbes lead to enhanced absorption of various nutrients and minerals. These microbes improve human health and improve the health of plants and crops, increasing the overall yield of the land [42].…”