Preclinical Researches of Vitamin D Role in Preventing Malignant Diseased, a Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: In general, the role of vitamin D, [25 (OH)D], is to regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism by bone remodeling but the studies, in the recent decades, shown that low exposure at the sun and vitamin D deficiency are associated with the increased risk of many other extra-skeletal disorders, such as cancer diseases.Content: Several original studies and meta-analyses have evaluated the role of vitamin D in cancer prevention or the potential to improve cancer treatment outcomes. The broad field of antitumor effects of calcitriol and analogues in the treatment of cancer, as single agents or in combination with other anticancer agents, is mainly based on the mechanisms of inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, induction of differentiation, apoptosis and the promotion of angiogenesis. Summary and Outlook:The scientific evidence suggests that the provider of health care should consider the increasing of concentrations of 25 (OH) D through sun exposure or by supplementing with vitamin D of people with different ages to reduce the risk ills with Vitamin D deficiency besides the standard treatment of some chronic diseases, inclusive cancer disease beside the specific personalized antineoplastic treatments for every malignant disease.

Serum Vitamin D Level Status by Prostate Cancer Grade and Stage Among Native Africans

“…The repression of these vital intra-prostatic functions of Vitamin D, occasioned by its deficiency status, is the cardinal initiating event in PCa adverse pathology (worsening grade/stage) observed in the current study [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The Vitamin D-induced cell cycle arrest/apoptotic effect is mediated via down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL) and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bak, Bad) [30][31][32][33]. The antiinflammatory effects are mediated through the inhibitions of prostaglandin synthesis, p38-MAPK signaling, NF-Kb, and modulation of immune-cancer cell interaction [34,35].…”

“…The various anti-PCa properties of Vitamin D are orchestrated via the actions of 1,25(OH)D (calcitriol) on VDR within the normal prostate cells and the tumor microenvironment [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. These actions are generally thought to be mediated mainly through Vitamin D-induced cell growth arrest and enhancement of apoptosis but other potential mechanisms also play vital roles [30].…”

“…These actions are generally thought to be mediated mainly through Vitamin D-induced cell growth arrest and enhancement of apoptosis but other potential mechanisms also play vital roles [30]. The active Vitamin D also has anti-inflammatory effects, anti-oxidant/DNA damage repair effects, autophagic cell growth promotion, antiproliferative/pro-differentiating potentials, and antiangiogenic effects [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The repression of these vital intra-prostatic functions of Vitamin D, occasioned by its deficiency status, is the cardinal initiating event in PCa adverse pathology (worsening grade/stage) observed in the current study [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

“…The active Vitamin D also has anti-inflammatory effects, anti-oxidant/DNA damage repair effects, autophagic cell growth promotion, antiproliferative/pro-differentiating potentials, and antiangiogenic effects [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The repression of these vital intra-prostatic functions of Vitamin D, occasioned by its deficiency status, is the cardinal initiating event in PCa adverse pathology (worsening grade/stage) observed in the current study [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The Vitamin D-induced cell cycle arrest/apoptotic effect is mediated via down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL) and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bak, Bad) [30][31][32][33].…”