Preconcentration and Determination of Zinc and Lead Ions by a Combination of Cloud Point Extraction and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abstract

The phase-separation phenomenon of non-ionic surfactants occurring in aqueous solution was used for the extraction of lead(II) and zinc(II). After complexation with 3-[(4-bromophenyl) (1-H-inden-3-yl)methyl]-1 H-indene (BPIMI), the analytes were quantitatively extracted to a phase rich in Triton X-114 after centrifugation. Methanol acidified with 1 mol/L HNO 3 was added to the surfactant rich phase prior to its analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The concentration of bis ((1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2yl)ethyl)sulfane, Triton X-114, pH and amount of surfactant were all optimized. Detection limits (3 SDb/m) of 2.5 and 1.6 ng/mL for Pb 2+ and Zn 2+ along with preconcentration factors of 30 and an enrichment factor of 32 and 48 for Pb 2+ and Zn 2+ ions were obtained, respectively. The proposed cloud point extraction was been successfully applied for the determination of these ions in real samples with complicated matrices such as food and soil samples, with high efficiency.

Preconcentration and separation of trace amount of copper (II) on N1, N2-bis(4-fluorobenzylidene)ethane-1,2-diamine loaded on Sepabeads SP70

“…The possible interference of alkaline and earth alkaline ions to the analysis was investigated and since an important interference was not encountered. The preconcentration factor achieved with presented procedure is superior to some coprecipitation methods and other preconcentration techniques [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The detection limits of analytes are superior to those of preconcentration techniques [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

Association of Environmental Toxic Elements in Biological Samples of Myocardial Infarction Patients at Different Stages

“…The determination of TEs in biological samples requires the use of sensitive and selective techniques such atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) [43]. This technique has need of solubilization of the analyte and complete or partial decomposition of the matrix using either convective systems or microwave ovens and dry ashing [44].…”

Cloud Point Extraction for the Preconcentration of Silver and Palladium in Real Samples and Determination by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

“…In addition, the viscosity of the surfactant rich phase increased, leading to poor sensitivity [28]. At lower Triton X-114 concentrations (0.02%, w/v), the extraction efficiency of the complex was very low, probably due to assemblies that were inadequate to quantitatively entrap the hydrophobic complex [29,30]. …”