Preconcentration and Separation of Phenols from Water by Polyurethane Foams

Abstract

The application of untreated and polyurethane foams treated with tributylphosphate (TBP) in the preconcentration of some phenols from water via static and flow experiments was carried out. Batch experiments with the TBP-loaded foams showed a good affinity toward extraction of the tested compounds as compared to the untreated foams. The use of the unloaded and TBP loaded foams was also employed in column modes for the preconcentration of the phenols used. The effect of extraction media, phenol concentration, time of shaking, temperature, sample volume, ionic strength, eluting solvent, and flow rate on the retention efficiency of the compounds by the foam were investigated. The extraction efficiency and the recovery of the compounds from the foam material by the column were obtained up to 100%. Sorption of the compounds by the foam was brought by a solvent extraction mechanism. The pK, and the molecular weight of the absorbates play an important role in the sorption process. The height equivalent to 290 EL-SHAHAWI, FARAG, AND MOSTAFA theoretical plates (HETP) for thk foam column were obtained from the Glueckauf equation and the breakthrough capacity curve, and were found to equal I .8-2.05 mm at flow rates up to 10 cm'.min-'. Attempts were also made to separate some of the tested phenols by dynamic techniques.

Retention Profile and Selective Separation of Trace Concentrations of Phenols from Water onto Iron(III) Physically Loaded Polyurethane Foam Solid Sorbent: Kinetics and Thermodynamic Study

“…Thus, in the extraction media of pH <1, the interaction of the complexed iron (III) phenolate complex speciesis easily proceeded with the protonated ether group of the PUF. Based on these data and the results reported on the retention of AuCl 4 by PUF [29], a sorption mechanism involving a weak base anion ion exchange and/or solvent extraction of iron (III) phenolate complex [Fe(phenolate) 6 ] 3by the protonated ether (-CH 2 -HO + -CH 2 -) oxygen linkage of the PUF as a ternary complex ion associate is most likely proceeded [26][27][28][29][30]…”

“…Commercial white sheets of open cell PUF (polyether type) were purchased from a local market in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. Foam cubes of approximately 1.0 cm 3 were cut from the PUF sheets and were washed and dried as reported [26]. Phenol and 2-CP were purchased from BDH (Poole, England).…”

“…PUF is a good sorbent material in SPE and it has been the subject of several review articles [15]. Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest for developing low cost, rapid and sensitive analytical methods for preconcentration and removal and subsequent determination of phenols in large sample volumes [7][8][9][10][11]26,27]. Thus, the work presented in this article is focused on studying the kinetics and thermodynamic characteristics and the most probable retention mechanism of the separation of some selected phenols onto PUF immobilized with iron (III).…”

Separation of aqueous phenol through polyurethane membranes by pervaporation

“…The separation factor of PV, a P , was expressed as Preparation of Membrane follows. The ethylacetate solution containing 20 wt % of HMDI-PTMG(2900) was coated on an exfoliated treated polyethylene telephthalate film (PET) (11) and then dried at 100ЊC for 3 min. The HMDI-PTMG(2900) membrane was laminated with a porous polypropylene sheet, Celgard 2500…”

“…In this study, phenol was chosen as the object of separation; it is a raw material used for phenolic 1 exp[0V i (P s 1 0 P s 2 )/RT] ͮ (2) resin, bisphenol-A, and other chemicals. 11 The phenolic resin is manufactured by a condensation reaction. A large quantity of water containing phenol is produced, and the effective disposal of Assuming that the activity coefficient is constant that is desired.…”