Preconcentration methods for the analysis of water by x-ray spectrometric techniques

Grieken, R. Van

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)95486-8

Cited by 122 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] is too complex to show direct pathways to solve a problem. Merely some general points of view can be pointed at briefly.…”

Section: Separation and Preconcentration Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of sample decomposition and preconcentration in elemental trace analysis

Tölg¹

1983

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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-Progress in elemental trace analysis means that lower concentrations can be determined in a more reliable and efficient way. The demands posed to trace element analysis follow generally the tendency that lower and lower concentrations should be determined in matrices which become more and more complex. The most economical scientific strategy depends strongly on the element to be determined, on the kind of sample and especially, on the power of detection. Therefore, we must develop the strategy of determination in view of two widely differing thoughts: 1. It is necessary to apply direct instrumental methods for routine analysis in order to save time and man-power. This can be done only, if the required power of detection is asserted in view of a suff icient reliability of the results. 2. Multi-stage combined procedures have to be preferred in all cases, where direct instrumental methods still yield insufficient or incorrect results, in spite of the fact that they are usually more time and/or labour consuming.This paper intends to concentrate in particular on these procedures, in which decomposition and preconcentration methods have to precede the actual end-determination. The main goal is the minimization of systematic errors which become more crucial at the low concentrations involved. Especially those combined methods of a high degree of universality and reliability will be considered.Examples will be given for the determination of Hg, Se, Tl and B at ng/g and pg/g levels.

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“…[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] is too complex to show direct pathways to solve a problem. Merely some general points of view can be pointed at briefly.…”

Section: Separation and Preconcentration Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of sample decomposition and preconcentration in elemental trace analysis

Tölg¹

1983

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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“…Many analytical techniques using volumetric, electrochemical and optical spectrometric methods, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) are widely used to determine elements in water samples . Direct conventional X‐ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) of liquid samples does not attract special attention of researchers, because the typical detection limits are within the ppm range in this case, which do not satisfy the requirements for environmental protection and industrial production . The sensitivity of water analysis can be improved using total reflection X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Direct conventional X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) of liquid samples does not attract special attention of researchers, because the typical detection limits are within the ppm range in this case, which do not satisfy the requirements for environmental protection and industrial production. [2,3] The sensitivity of water analysis can be improved using total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). [4] The review of the literature in the last decades has shown that dozens of publications covering water analyses by TXRF are available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of factors affecting the results of natural water analyses by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence

2013

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The study aims to choose the conditions for the direct analysis of different types of natural water samples by total reflection X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). The effect of some factors on TXRF results was studied such as the surface density of dried water residue on the sample carrier, the dilution ratio of high-mineralized samples with ultrapure water and the solution of the detergent Triton X-100, the salt contents, the internal standard concentration, and repeated pipetting of an aliquot of fresh water. The influence of self-absorption phenomena on quantification results was demonstrated by using brine samples. The TXRF results for natural waters of varying salinity (brines, fresh waters, and ground waters) and model solutions are presented. For a number of analytes, the data obtained by TXRF were compared to those obtained by 'wet' chemistry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

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“…The column extraction technique for the preconcentration of trace metal ions by using ligand-impregnated adsorbents has been extensively studied. 10,11 Lumogallion, which has a o,p,o′-trihydroxyazobenzene group, is selectively capable of forming a complex with aluminum, but its solubility in aqueous solution is high. 9 A lumogallionanalogue containing hexyl group has been synthesized and used for the fluorometric determination of trace gallium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconcentration of Trace Aluminum from Environmental Water Samples with 5′-Chloro-5-dodecyl-2,4,2′-trihydroxyazobenzene Impregnated Macroporous Resin

Fuse

Yamada

2004

ANAL. SCI.

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5′-Chloro-5-dodecyl-2,4,2′-trihydroxyazobenzene (CDTA) impregnated XAD-4 resin (CDTA resin) was prepared, and applied to the preconcentration of trace aluminum from environmental water samples with satisfactory results. Aluminum was measured by flow-injection analysis (FIA) with fluorescence detection by using lumogallion after the preconcentration of aluminum with CDTA resin. Fe 3+ and other coexisting substances had no interference on the determination of aluminum by the present method. Chemical speciation of trace aluminum in environmental water was carried out by using the CDTA resin after the separation of aluminum species with ionic exchangers without changing the pH. About 50% of water-soluble aluminum in Lake Biwa was found to be aluminum organic species (anion species).

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Preconcentration methods for the analysis of water by x-ray spectrometric techniques

Cited by 122 publications

References 125 publications

Role of sample decomposition and preconcentration in elemental trace analysis

Role of sample decomposition and preconcentration in elemental trace analysis

Study of factors affecting the results of natural water analyses by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence

Preconcentration of Trace Aluminum from Environmental Water Samples with 5′-Chloro-5-dodecyl-2,4,2′-trihydroxyazobenzene Impregnated Macroporous Resin

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