Predation of Atlantic salmon, <i>Salmo salar</i> L., smolts and parr by red‐breasted mergansers, <i>Mergus serrator</i> L., on two Scottish rivers

Feltham, M. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2400.1995.tb00120.x

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The opinion of anglers in our study is congruent with global perceptions based on the scale of management programs for fish-eating birds. Populations of several cormorant species are extensively managed (e.g., culling, suppression of reproduction, displacement) worldwide under the guise of fisheries protection [1,2,5], whereas pelicans and smaller diving birds like grebes are rarely managed or even assessed for this purpose [29][30][31][32]. The rationale generating angler opinions and subsequent ranking for pelicans and cormorants in Saskatchewan is not clear from our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Use by Three Avian Piscivores and Humans: Implications for Angler Perception and Conservation

Somers¹,

Heisler²,

Doucette³

et al. 2015

TOOENIJ

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Humans and colonial piscivorous birds are often perceived to be in conflict over shared aquatic habitats and fisheries resources in inland lakes. We examined angler perception of birds and the relative abundance of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos), double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), western grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis), and boats on two lakes in Saskatchewan, Canada. Anglers perceived cormorants to be the biggest threat to fisheries (60%), compared to pelicans (47%), and western grebes (34%). The density of these birds and boats varied significantly between sections of the two study lakes. Boat density was higher in developed sections with shoreline communities (range 0-7/km 2 ) compared to those surrounded by agricultural land or native prairie (0-1/km 2 ). In contrast, cormorant and pelican densities were highest in areas with an undeveloped shoreline (0-22/km 2 ), and were reduced to near zero in developed sections. Western grebes did not follow the same pattern as the other two species; grebe density was generally more uniform within lakes (0-23/km 2 in all sections). Boat density was a negative predictor of pelican and cormorant density on one lake, but was a positive predictor for grebes on both lakes. Our results indicate that pelicans and cormorants avoid sections of lakes that have higher levels of human development, potentially altering the location of their foraging sites on the scale of kilometres. In contrast, western grebes were abundant in all areas of the two lakes and did not appear to avoid human development or activity. We conclude that angler perceptions are not congruent with levels of habitat use overlap with birds. In addition, western grebe responses to human activities appear counterintuitive, making interpretations difficult in a conservation context; further study is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Use by Three Avian Piscivores and Humans: Implications for Angler Perception and Conservation

Somers¹,

Heisler²,

Doucette³

et al. 2015

TOOENIJ

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“…This result suggests that rather than negatively affecting bass populations, wading birds may increase prey capture by bass, thus alleviating some of the concerns that piscivorous birds negatively affect game fish (e.g. Feltham 1995;Kirby et al 1996). Because the smallest size class drove the numerical facilitation, we did not see evidence for facilitation when examining biomass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Facilitation between herons and smallmouth bass foraging on common prey

2006

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Understanding how multiple predators affect one another and their shared prey is an increasingly important goal for ecologists examining predator-prey dynamics and food-web structure. In a field experiment, we examined the outcome of interactions between terrestrial and freshwater predators foraging for the same prey in two temperate North American streams. We used a factorial design to examine the combined foraging effects of herons and smallmouth bass on striped shiners and central stonerollers. We found that there was facilitation between the two predators, resulting in risk-enhancement for the prey species, with particularly pronounced effects on the smallest (<70 mm) size classes. Facilitation is the least well-documented predator-predator interaction and has not been quantitatively demonstrated for freshwater and terrestrial predators.Our results indicate that bass may gain a net benefit from the presence of wading birds such as herons and egrets, and that concerns about the negative effects of birds on fish stocks through competition may be unwarranted.

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“…Cod and saithe, and piscivorous birds such as gannets (Morus bassanus), mergansers (Mergus spp.) and cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) have also been observed to consume post-smolts during their migration from the rivers to the oceans (Hvidsten and Lund, 1988;Feltham, 1990Feltham, , 1995Dieperink et al, 2002;Montevecchi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of marine fish predation on Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar) in the Tana estuary, North Norway, in the presence of an alternative prey, lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus)

et al. 2005

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Predation of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., smolts and parr by red‐breasted mergansers, Mergus serrator L., on two Scottish rivers

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Lake Use by Three Avian Piscivores and Humans: Implications for Angler Perception and Conservation

Lake Use by Three Avian Piscivores and Humans: Implications for Angler Perception and Conservation

Facilitation between herons and smallmouth bass foraging on common prey

The impact of marine fish predation on Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar) in the Tana estuary, North Norway, in the presence of an alternative prey, lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus)

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