Predicted lean body mass in relation to cognitive function in the older adults

Gong, Hongjian; Tang, Xingyao; Chai, Yin-He; Qiao, Yu-Shun; Xu, Hui; Patel, Ikramulhaq; Zhang, Jinyan; Zhou, Jianbo

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1172233

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

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Association of low muscle mass with cognitive function and mortality in USA seniors: results from NHANES 1999–2002

Wang,

Mu,

Wang

2024

BMC Geriatr

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Background Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment have been linked in prior research, and both are linked to an increased risk of mortality in the general population. Muscle mass is a key factor in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The relationship between low muscle mass and cognitive function in the aged population, and their combined impact on the risk of death in older adults, is currently unknown. This study aimed to explore the correlation between low muscle mass and cognitive function in the older population, and the relationship between the two and mortality in older people. Methods Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002. A total of 2540 older adults aged 60 and older with body composition measures were included. Specifically, 17–21 years of follow-up were conducted on every participant. Low muscle mass was defined using the Foundation for the National Institute of Health and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia definitions: appendicular lean mass (ALM) (< 19.75 kg for males; <15.02 kg for females); or ALM divided by body mass index (BMI) (ALM: BMI, < 0.789 for males; <0.512 for females); or appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (< 7.0 kg/m2 for males; <5.4 kg/m2 for females). Cognitive functioning was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). The follow-up period was calculated from the NHANES interview date to the date of death or censoring (December 31, 2019). Results We identified 2540 subjects. The mean age was 70.43 years (43.3% male). Age-related declines in DSST scores were observed. People with low muscle mass showed lower DSST scores than people with normal muscle mass across all age groups, especially in the group with low muscle mass characterized by ALM: BMI (60–69 years: p < 0.001; 70–79 years: p < 0.001; 80 + years: p = 0.009). Low muscle mass was significantly associated with lower DSST scores after adjusting for covariates (ALM: 43.56 ± 18.36 vs. 47.56 ± 17.44, p < 0.001; ALM: BMI: 39.88 ± 17.51 vs. 47.70 ± 17.51, p < 0.001; ASMI: 41.07 ± 17.89 vs. 47.42 ± 17.55, p < 0.001). At a mean long-term follow-up of 157.8 months, those with low muscle mass were associated with higher all-cause mortality (ALM: OR 1.460, 95% CI 1.456–1.463; ALM: BMI: OR 1.452, 95% CI 1.448–1.457); ASMI: OR 3.075, 95% CI 3.063–3.088). In the ALM: BMI and ASMI-defined low muscle mass groups, participants with low muscle mass and lower DSST scores were more likely to incur all-cause mortality ( ALM: BMI: OR 0.972, 95% CI 0.972–0.972; ASMI: OR 0.957, 95% CI 0.956–0.957). Conclusions Low muscle mass and cognitive function impairment are significantly correlated in the older population. Additionally, low muscle mass and low DSST score, alone or in combination, could be risk factors for mortality in older adults.

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Association of low muscle mass with cognitive function and mortality in USA seniors: results from NHANES 1999–2002

Wang,

Mu,

Wang

2024

BMC Geriatr

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The relationship between changes in body weight and cognitive function in the elderly

Zhong,

Guo,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Cognitive function is a major concern in aging society. Current studies on the impact of body weight changes on cognitive abilities present conflicting results. This study explored the relationship between weight changes during adulthood and cognitive function in later life. Methods Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and a total of 5079 participants aged 60 years or older with recalled weight at young and middle adulthood were included. Absolute weight change was categorized into five groups: weight loss of at least 2.5 kg, weight change within 2.5 kg (reference group), weight gain of at least 2.5 kg but less than 10.0 kg, weight gain of at least 10 kg but less than 20.0 kg, and weight gain of at least 20.0 kg. Cognitive function was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Logistic regression models adjusted for covariates were used to compute the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between weight changes and cognitive function. Results From age 25 years to 10 years before survey, participants with small to moderate weight gain (increase of ≥ 2.5kg and < 10kg) exhibited a decreased risk of cognitive impairment compared to those with stable weight (weight change within 2.5 kg), with an OR of 0.64 (95%CI = 0.48 to 0.85, P = 0.003). For moderate to substantial weight gain (increase of ≥ 10kg and < 20kg), the OR was 0.66 (95%CI = 0.50 to 0.89, P = 0.007). From age 25 years to survey, the OR for moderate to substantial weight gain was 0.61 (95%CI = 0.46 to 0.79, P < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline indicated a U-shaped relationship between the absolute weight change and cognitive function. Conclusions Weight gain within certain limits during adulthood appears to be a protective factor against cognitive decline.

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Predicted lean body mass in relation to cognitive function in the older adults

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Association of low muscle mass with cognitive function and mortality in USA seniors: results from NHANES 1999–2002

Association of low muscle mass with cognitive function and mortality in USA seniors: results from NHANES 1999–2002

The relationship between changes in body weight and cognitive function in the elderly

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