Predicting Adult LGBTQ Happiness: Impact of Childhood Affirmation, Self-Compassion, and Personal Mastery

Greene, Darrell C.; Britton, Paula J.

doi:10.1080/15538605.2015.1068143

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…On the other hand, a childhood characterized by parental support, warmth and safeness has been correlated with mental adjustment in samples where sexual orientation was not controlled for (e.g. Gilbert, 1998Gilbert, , 2003, and with happiness in gay men (Greene & Britton, 2015). It is worth noting that although these associations were significant regardless of sexual orientation, the magnitude of the associations was stronger in gay men than in heterosexual men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, gay men also seem to report higher rates of childhood emotional and physical maltreatment when compared to heterosexual men (Corliss, Cochran, & Mays, 2002), and sexual orientation seems to be a significant predictor of victimization (Balsam, Rothblum, & Beauchaine, 2005). On the contrary, results show that a childhood where feelings of warmth and safeness were promoted by the parents is associated with LGBTQ self-reported happiness (Greene & Britton, 2015). Also, it is especially appropriate to explore the impact of shame experiences in gay men´s mental health as they seem to be encoded in autobiographical memory and to be central to the development of personal identity (Pinto-Gouveia & Matos, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion in Gay and Heterosexual Men: How They Relate to Childhood Memories, Shame, and Depressive Symptoms

Matos

Carvalho

Cunha

et al. 2017

Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling

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This study explores differences between gay men (N = 53) and heterosexual men (N = 52) regarding memories of shame events and of warmth and safeness experiences with parents during childhood and adolescence, self-compassion, psychological flexibility, internal shame and depression. Also, it aims to explore whether psychological flexibility and selfcompassion play a role in the association between these memories and internal shame and depressive symptoms. Results confirmed the mediating role of psychological flexibility and self-compassion. These findings suggest the appropriateness of promoting acceptance and self-compassion towards difficult memories in a therapeutic setting with gay men experiencing shame and depressive symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion in Gay and Heterosexual Men: How They Relate to Childhood Memories, Shame, and Depressive Symptoms

Matos

Carvalho

Cunha

et al. 2017

Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling

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show abstract

“…Even though the fact that no sexual orientation-related discrimination was done in the study, when the studies are evaluated it is seen that they were conducted on heterosexual individuals. In another study, it was determined that being a lesbian predicted subjective wellbeing in a positive way (Greene and Britton, 2015). Subjective wellbeing is a self-compassion-related variable, and this may be evaluated as a finding supporting the fact that lesbian individuals have higher self-compassion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediator Role of Internalized Homophobia and Self-Compassion on the Link between Attachment Styles and Depression in Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Individuals

Set¹,

Şimşek

Altınok

2016

IJHBs

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of internalized homophobia and self-compassion in the relationship between attachment styles and depression among lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals. The participants of the study consisted of 886 LGB individuals whose ages range from 18 to 30 ( ̅ =22.73, Sd=3.54). In collecting the data, Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECRI-II), Self-Compassion Scale, Internalized Homophobia Scale (for Gay and Bisexual men), Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Demographic Information Form developed by the researchers were used. Within the context of the study, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was performed to test the proposed models and Maximum Likelihood was implemented as estimation method. In the findings of the study, it was found that internalized homophobia partially mediated the relationship between anxious attachment and depression among men whereas self-compassion didn't play a mediating role in this relationship. On the other side, an indirect effect through self-compassion and internalized homophobia appeared in the relationship between avoidant attachment and depression while another indirect effect was found in the relationship between anxious attachment and depression among women by means of only internalized homophobia. Results were discussed in the frame of relevant literature and suggestions were made.

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“…Since CFT was originally developed for and with individuals with high shame and self-criticism, it is likely to be particularly beneficial for LGB individuals for at least three reasons: (1) being compassionate predicts well-being in LGB individuals [ 24 ]; (2) internalized stigma is a significant predictor of depression in LGB individuals [ 14 ], and CFT directly reduces different types of shame and harsh self-criticism [ 25 ]; and (3) compassion-based interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms ( d = .86) [ 26 ], with a recent meta-analysis also reporting significant moderate effect sizes [ 27 ]. As mentioned, a significant predictor of mental health among LGB people is internalized stigma, or feelings of shame and low self-worth related to their sexual orientation [ 14 ]; indeed, the emphasis on “gay pride” in LGB communities is largely related to combatting and undermining internalized stigma [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tailored compassion-focused therapy program for sexual minority young adults with depressive symotomatology: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2017

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BackgroundLesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) men and women represent one of the highest-risk populations for depressive symptomatology and disorders, with young LGB adults being at greatest risk. To date, there have been no randomized controlled trials (RCT) to specifically target depressive symptoms in young LGB adults. This is despite research highlighting unique predictors of depressive symptomatology in this population. Here we outline a protocol for an RCT that will test the preliminary efficacy of a tailored compassion-focused therapy (CFT) intervention for young LGB adults compared with a self-directed cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program with no specific tailoring for LGB individuals.MethodsThe CFT intervention consists of 8 units with self-directed reading and activities tailored to LGB young adults, and 8 x weekly 1-hour consultations with a therapist. The CBT intervention consists of 8 units with self-guided reading and activities, with 1 x 1-hour session with a therapist at the mid-point of therapy. Fifty LGB individuals with scores of 13 or above on the Beck Depression Inventory-II will be randomized to either the CFT or CBT condition. The primary outcome measure is depressive symptomatology. Secondary outcome measures are symptoms of anxiety, suicidal ideation, internalized homophobia, self-compassion, and shame and guilt proneness. Assessments will occur at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 3-month post-intervention.DiscussionThis study is an RCT to test the preliminary efficacy of an LGB-tailored compassion-focused intervention for young LGB adults with depressive symptomatology. If this intervention is efficacious, this could begin to address the substantial mental health disparities amongst sexual minorities.Trial registration ACTRN12616001018404. Prospective registration, registered 02/08/2016.

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Predicting Adult LGBTQ Happiness: Impact of Childhood Affirmation, Self-Compassion, and Personal Mastery

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion in Gay and Heterosexual Men: How They Relate to Childhood Memories, Shame, and Depressive Symptoms

Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion in Gay and Heterosexual Men: How They Relate to Childhood Memories, Shame, and Depressive Symptoms

The Mediator Role of Internalized Homophobia and Self-Compassion on the Link between Attachment Styles and Depression in Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Individuals

A tailored compassion-focused therapy program for sexual minority young adults with depressive symotomatology: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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