“…Some studies report extremely high failure rates for collaborative endeavors, such as strategic alliances and joint ventures, 1 often well in excess of 50 percent (Kale, Dyer, & Singh, 2002;Kale & Singh, 2009;Lunnan & Haugland, 2008). These discouraging statistics, and colorful folklore about high-profile alliance failures, feed a prevailing discourse that highlights the hazards of collaboration (Bamford, Gomes-Casseres, & Robinson, 2004;Dyer, Kale, & Singh, 2001).…”