Predicting and measuring the solubility of p,p′- DDT in water

Biggar, J. W.; Dutt, Gordon R.; Riggs, Raine L.

doi:10.1007/bf01684149

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In removi ng undi sso 1 ved DDT from a supersaturated sol uti on, an ope rat i onally defined "saturated solution" is generated. It has been shown that the concentration of DDT in the supernatent liquid is a function of the speed and duration of centrifugation (150,174). In addition, centrifugat i on has been determi ned not sui ted for sol ubil i ty enhancement work (see Appendix).…”

Section: Statement Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the contribution of aquatic humus to the transport of DDT in the environment

Blunk

2000

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1982 ABSTRACTThe fate and transport of insoluble, hydrophobic organic pollutants in the aquatic environment constitutes a prominent area of concern. It is thought that pollutants of this nature may exist in association with organic carbon, which is predominantly aquatic humus. This type of association could significantly affect the kinetics of such transformation processes as volatilization or chemical and biological degradation of the pollutant. While dissolved organic matter (DOM) comprises the bulk of organic carbon (or aquatic humus) in natural waters, the interact·io',\ between naturally occurring DOM and insoluble organic pollutants has not been quantified.The work presented in thi s di ssertation is an effort to quantify the, effect of dissolved organic matter on the solubility in water and, hence, the transport of hydrophobic organic compounds (specifically, DDT) in the environment.Saturated aqueous solutions of DDT were generated by a method that is different from those used by other workers. Within a closed system, an excess of sol id DDT was allowed to vaporize and enter an aqueous solution through the gas phase. The concentraction of DDT in solution increased with time, 1 eve 1 i ng off when equil i bri urn and a saturated solution was established.The solubility of p,p'-DDT in distilled water was determined to be 1.87 ± .01 ppb. The solubility of the o,p'-DDT isomer in distilled water was determined to be 4.88 ± .03 ppb. The concentrations of p,pl-3 DDT and o,pl-DDT in distilled water solutions containing dissolved organic matter were definitely higher than the aqueous solubilities of these compounds. A minimum value for the DDT/DOM partition coefficient (Kp) in water was determined. This partition coefficient, when normalized to organic carbon, is referred to as Koc (K oc = Kp/fraction organic carbon). A minimum log Koc for both p,pl-DDT and o,pl-DDT was determined to be 4.7 ± .2 log units. Under environmental conditions, this partition coefficient indicates that the majority of DDT present in aqueous systems will be associated with dissolved organic matter.

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Section: Statement Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One problem with this technique is that a "saturated solut i on" becomes ope rat i ona lly defi ned. That is, the supernatent concentration of DDT is dependent on the centrifugation parameters (150,174).…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the contribution of aquatic humus to the transport of DDT in the environment

Blunk

2000

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“…Pesticides have received the most attention, since they are used on food crops and are applied to large areas of the environment (14)(15)(16)(17). The ubiquitous nature of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide residues was a major factor in demonstrating the important role of behavior of a chemical in the environment (10,12,14,15,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). However, pesticides are not unique chemicals which predispose them to become environmental contaminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemicals used as starting materials or intermediates in manufacture may end up as residues in air through vaporization (14,15,24,(28)(29)(30), in surface and underground water through contact and leaching (18,(31)(32)(33)(34), by sewage effluents (1,4), or in soil through adsorption (19,23,29,(35)(36)(37). All of these points of release are potential sources for widespread contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…October 1977 57 Over the years, a considerable body of information has built up relating physical chemical properties and reactivity to the behavior and fate of chemicals in the environment (10,16,18,25,(44)(45)(46)(47). From this information, it is possible to develop models of the transport of these chemicals and various facets of theiir behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemodynamics: transport and behavior of chemicals in the environment--a problem in environmental health.

Freed¹,

Chiou²,

Haque³

1977

Environ Health Perspect

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In the manufacture and use of the several thousand chemicals employed by technological societies, portions of these chemicals escape or are intentionally introduced into the environment. The behavior, fate, and to some extent the effects produced by these chemicals are a result of a complex interaction of the properties of the chemical with the various processes governing transport, degradation, sequestration, and uptake by organisms. In addition, such processes as adsorption, evaporation, partitioning, and degradation are influenced by ambient conditions of temperature, air movement, moisture, presence of other chemicals, and the concentration and properties of the subject chemicals. These influence the level and extent of exposure to these chemicals that man might receive. Study of the physicochemical properties of compounds in relation to these various processes has provided a basis for better understanding of the quantitative behavior. Such information is useful in development of predictive models on behavior and fate of the chemicals in relation to human exposure. Beyond this, it provides information that could be used to devise procedures of manufacture, use, and disposal that would minimize environmental contamination. Some of the physical principles involved in chemodynamics are presented in this review.

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Organochlorine insecticides

Hassall¹

1990

The Biochemistry and Uses of Pesticides

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Predicting and measuring the solubility of p,p′- DDT in water

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Investigation of the contribution of aquatic humus to the transport of DDT in the environment

Investigation of the contribution of aquatic humus to the transport of DDT in the environment

Chemodynamics: transport and behavior of chemicals in the environment--a problem in environmental health.

Organochlorine insecticides

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