Predicting Cardiovascular Stent Complications Using Self‐Reporting Biosensors for Noninvasive Detection of Disease

Hoare, D. S.; Tsiamis, Andreas; Marland, Jamie R. K.; Czyzewski, Jakub; Kirimi, Mahmut T.; Holsgrove, Michael; Russell, Ewan; Neale, Steven L.; Mirzai, Nosrat; Mitra, Srinjoy; Mercer, John R.

doi:10.1002/advs.202105285

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The wireless impedance electronics were adapted from our previously described circuitry 37 . The design was modified to include a 32-channel multiplexer to the electrodes, these were split into two banks A and B of 8 electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realtime monitoring of thrombus formation in vivo using a self-reporting vascular access graft

Hoare,

Kingsmore,

Holsgrove

et al. 2024

Commun Med

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Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the global population costing over a hundred billion dollars per annum and leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Many patients with CKD require regular haemodialyses. Synthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVG) are increasingly used to provide rapid vascular connection for dialysis. Initially, they have excellent patency rates but are critically limited by neointimal hyperplasia at the venous anastomosis, which drives subsequent thrombosis, graft failure and death. Methods Here, we describe a system in which electrical impedance spectroscopy sensors are incorporated circumferentially into the wall of a synthetic arteriovenous graft. This is combined with an implantable radiotelemetry system for data transmission outside the patient. The system was tested using monolayers of endothelial and smooth muscle cells as well as swine blood and clots with explanted human carotid artery plaques. Sensor testing was then performed in vitro and the device was implanted in vivo in female swine. Results The device can wirelessly report the accumulation of biological material, both cells and blood. Differences are also detected when comparing controls with pathological atheroma. In swine differences between blockage formation in a graft were remotely obtained and wireless reported. Conclusions Combining electrical impedance spectroscopy and an implantable radiotelemetry system enables graft surveillance. This has the potential to be used for early detection of venous stenosis and blood clot formation in real-time in vivo. In principle, the concept could apply to other cardiovascular diseases and vascular implantable devices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realtime monitoring of thrombus formation in vivo using a self-reporting vascular access graft

Hoare,

Kingsmore,

Holsgrove

et al. 2024

Commun Med

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“…Electrochemical Sensing. Electrochemical sensing of biological samples is an area of high interest, with techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) routinely used to assess parameters such as cell growth 73 or binding affinity. With more research groups now having access to micro/nano fabrication facilities, there has been a rapid increase in the type and number of electrochemical devices created, particularly in the field of wearable health trackers.…”

Section: ■ Emerging Biosensing Platforms Relevant For Cortisol Measur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Cortisol Detection: From Conventional Methods to Next-Generation Technologies for Enhanced Hormone Monitoring

Vignesh,

Castro-Dominguez,

James

et al. 2024

ACS Sens.

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The hormone cortisol, released as the end-product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, has a wellcharacterized circadian rhythm that enables an allostatic response to external stressors. When the pattern of secretion is disrupted, cortisol levels are chronically elevated, contributing to diseases such as heart attacks, strokes, mental health disorders, and diabetes. The diagnosis of chronic stress and stress related disorders depends upon accurate measurement of cortisol levels; currently, it is quantified using mass spectroscopy or immunoassay, in specialized laboratories with trained personnel. However, these methods are time-consuming, expensive and are unable to capture the dynamic biorhythm of the hormone. This critical review traces the path of cortisol detection from traditional laboratory-based methods to decentralised cortisol monitoring biosensors. A complete picture of cortisol biology and pathophysiology is provided, and the importance of precision medicine style monitoring of cortisol is highlighted. Antibody-based immunoassays still dominate the pipeline of development of point-of-care biosensors; new capture molecules such as aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) combined with technologies such as microfluidics, wearable electronics, and quantum dots offer improvements to limit of detection (LoD), specificity, and a shift toward rapid or continuous measurements. While a variety of different sensors and devices have been proposed, there still exists a need to produce quantitative tests for cortisol � using either rapid or continuous monitoring devices that can enable a personalized medicine approach to stress management. This can be addressed by synergistic combinations of technologies that can leverage low sample volumes, relevant limit of detection and rapid testing time, to better account for cortisol's shifting biorhythm. Trends in cortisol diagnostics toward rapid and continuous monitoring of hormones are highlighted, along with insights into choice of sample matrix.

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“…Previously, our work has addressed the issues mentioned earlier in SMART stent technology and sensors [11,16,17]. However, a series of technical barriers exist in developing SMART AVGs, such as sensor design for discerning different cell types associated with stenosis and thrombosis can cause issues while battery capacity and lifespan also pose problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, this could allow the clinician to intervene early, possibly extending the length of the AVGs life, which in turn could to better patient outcomes. Pertinent 'smart vascular implants', such as selfreporting stents incorporating biosensors and telemetry systems, can detect cell growth, blood pressure, and blood flow in vessels leading the way for a new generation of vascular intervention devices [11][12][13][14][15]. We, therefore, believe this technology is also amenable to arteriovenous grafts, which offer the potential for precision diagnosis and preemptive treatment for CKD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Dual-Band Implantable Antenna for Wireless Biotelemetry in Arteriovenous Grafts

Zhang

Das

Hoare

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) are indispensable lifesaving implants for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, AVGs will often fail due to postoperative complications such as cellular accumulation termed restenosis, blood clots, and infections, which are dominant causes of morbidity and mortality. A new generation of hemodialysis implants equipped with biosensors and multi-band antennas for wireless power and telemetry systems that can detect specific pathological parameters and report AVGs' patency would be transformative for CKD. Our study proposes a compact dualband implantable antenna for hemodialysis monitoring applications. It operates in 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz for wireless power transfer and biotelemetry purposes. The miniaturized antenna with a current size of 5 × 5 × 0.635 mm 3 exhibits wide bandwidth (300 MHz at 1.4 GHz band and 380 MHz at 2.45 GHz band), along with good impedance matching at two resonance frequencies. In addition, simulations are performed separately in a three-layer homogenous phantom and a realistic human body model. Measurements of the proposed antenna are evaluated in minced pork. The measured results of the fabricated antenna prototype are closely harmonized with the simulation ones, and the effect of different proportions of fat tissue in pork mince was analyzed, to verify the sensitivity of the antenna to the contacting medium. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and link budget calculation are also analyzed. Finally, the wireless biotelemetry function of the proposed antenna is realized and visualized by adopting a pair of nRF24L01 wireless transceivers, and sustainable and stable wireless data transmission characteristics are shown at a high data rate of 2 Mbps with up to 20 cm transmission distance.

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Predicting Cardiovascular Stent Complications Using Self‐Reporting Biosensors for Noninvasive Detection of Disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Realtime monitoring of thrombus formation in vivo using a self-reporting vascular access graft

Realtime monitoring of thrombus formation in vivo using a self-reporting vascular access graft

Advancements in Cortisol Detection: From Conventional Methods to Next-Generation Technologies for Enhanced Hormone Monitoring

A Compact Dual-Band Implantable Antenna for Wireless Biotelemetry in Arteriovenous Grafts

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